// Gospel/Other Useful Vocab for Missionaries/Colors 黑色[黑色] hei1se4 black (colour) 棕色[棕色] zong1se4 brown 棕色森林土 zōngsè sēnlín tǔ brown forest soil 绿色[綠色] lü4se4 green colour 橙色[橙色] cheng2se4 orange (color) 红色[紅色] hong2se4 1 red 2 revolutionary; red 紅色政權 hóngsè zhèngquán red political power 黄色[黃色] huang2se4 (n.) pornography•黄色网页•黄色电影•黄色书籍 蓝色[藍色] lan2se4 blue (color) 颜色[顏色] yan2se4 (n.) color•绿颜色•颜色很好。•不要那个颜色。 灰色[灰色] hui1se4 1 grey; ashy 一件灰色上衣 Yī jiàn huīsè shàngyī a grey jacket 2 pessimistic; gloomy 灰色人生觀 huīsè rénshēngguān a pessimistic (or grey) outlook on life 灰色的作品 huīsè de zuòpǐn a literary work pessimistic in tone 3 obscure; ambiguous 紫色[紫色] zi3se4 1 purple 2 violet (color) 白色[白色] bai2se4 1 white (colour) 2 White (as a symbol of reaction) 白色據點 Báisè jùdiǎn White stronghold; stronghold of reaction 白色政權 báisè zhèngquán White regime // Gospel/Other Useful Vocab for Missionaries/Numbers 第一[第一] di4yi1 first; primary; foremost 黨委第一書記 dǎngwěi dì-yī shūji the first secretary of the Party committee 做出第一等的工作 zuò chū dì-yī děng de gōngzuò do first-rate work 第一號種子選手 dì-yī hào zhǒngzǐ xuǎnshǒu No.1 seeded player 獲得第一名 huòdé dì-yī míng win first place; get a first; win a championship 他跑百米得了第一。 Tā pǎo bǎi mǐ déle dì-yī. He came in first in the 100-metre dash. 把勞動看作生活的第一需要 Bǎ láodòng kànzuò shēnghuó de dì-yī xūyào regard labour as life's prime want 以革命利益為第一生命 yǐ gémìng lìyì wéi dì-yī shēngmìng look upon the interests of the revolution as one's very life 第二[第二] di4er4 1 second 2 number two 3 next 数字[數字] shu4zi4 (n.) figure; number; quantity; digital•人口的数字•阿拉伯数字•数字图书馆 一[一] yi1 (nu.) one 二[二] er4 (nu.) two 三[三] san1 (nu.) three 四[四] si4 (nu.) four 五[五] wu3 (nu.) five 零[零] ling2 (nu.) zero 七[七] qi1 (nu.) seven 九[九] jiu3 (nu.) nine 十一[十一] Shi2 Yi1 October 1, National Day of the People's Republic of China 十三[十三] shi2san1 1 thirteen 2 13 十五[十五] shi2wu3 1 fifteen 2 15 十七[十七] shi2qi1 1 seventeen 2 17 十九[十九] shi2jiu3 1 nineteen 2 19 六[六] liu4 (nu.) six 八[八] ba1 (nu.) eight 十[十] shi2 (nu.) ten 十二[十二] shi2er4 1 twelve 2 12 十四[十四] shi2si4 1 fourteen 2 14 十六[十六] shi2liu4 1 sixteen 2 16 十八[十八] shi2ba1 1 eighteen 2 18 二十[二十] er4shi2 1 twenty 2 20 三十[三十] san1shi2 1 thirty 2 30 五十[五十] wu3shi2 fifty 七十[七十] qi1shi2 1 seventy 2 70 九十[九十] jiu3shi2 ninety 千[千] qian1 (nu.) thousand•一千人•四千•八千 十亿[十億] shi2yi4 1 one billion 2 giga- 四十[四十] si4shi2 1 forty 2 40 六十[六十] liu4shi2 1 sixty 2 60 八十[八十] ba1shi2 1 eighty 2 80 百[百] bai3 (nu.) hundred•一百人•三千六百•几百人 百万[百萬] bai3wan4 million 兆[兆] zhao4 1 sign; omen; portent ▶ 不祥之兆 bùxiáng zhī zhào 2 portend; foretell ▶ 瑞雪兆豐年 ruìxuě zhào fēngnián 1 million; mega- 2 (in ancient times) a million millions; billion 第[第] di4 (pref.) prefix for ordinal numbers•左边第一个•后边第二个•第三个是小王。 // Gospel/Other Useful Vocab for Missionaries/Nature 秋天[秋天] qiu1tian1 (n.) autumn•秋天不太冷,也不太热。•秋天有时刮风。 冬天[冬天] dong1tian1 (n.) winter•冬天很冷。•我喜欢冬天。 春天[春天] chun1tian1 (n.) spring•一年四季,我最喜欢春天。 夏天[夏天] xia4tian1 (n.) summer•我不太喜欢夏天。•夏天的白天很长。 季节[季節] ji4jie2 (n.) season•一年有四个季节。•你最喜欢哪个季节? 空气[空氣] kong1qi4 (n.) air•中国十大空气污染城市•空气质量•空气大气气压 吹[吹] chui1 (v.) blow; puff 云[雲] yun2 cloud 1 short for 雲南 Yúnnán 2 a surname 凉[涼] liang2 (adj.) cool; cold; discouraged; disappointed•冬冷夏凉•天凉了,多穿点儿衣服吧•我的心凉了 水灾[水災] shui3zai1 flood; inundation 冰雹[冰雹] bing1bao2 hail; hailstone 下冰雹了。 Xià bīngbáo le. It's hailing. 热[熱] re4 (adj.) hot•夏天很热,可以游泳。•这个房间不热。 飓风[颶風] ju4feng1 hurricane 雨[雨] yu3 rain 天氣預報說明天有雨。 Tiānqì yùbào shuō míngtiān yǒu yǔ. It will rain tomorrow according to the weather forecast. 雨下得很大。 Yǔ xià de hěn dà. It's raining hard. See 雨yù 雪[雪] xue3 1 snow 一場大雪 yī cháng dàxuě a heavy fall of snow 2 resembling snow; snowy ▶ 雪白 xuěbái , 雪亮 xuěliàng wipe away (or off, out); clean ▶ 雪恥 xuěchǐ , 昭雪 zhāoxuě 暴风雨[暴風雨] bao4feng1yu3 (n.) rainstorm; storm; blizzard•暴风雨造成大面积停电•特大暴风雨•遭遇暴风雨袭击 温度[溫度] wen1du4 (n.) temperature•最高温度•最低温度•平均温度 打雷[打雷] da3lei2 thunder 遠處在打雷。 Yuǎnchù zài dǎléi. It's thundering in the distance. 龙卷风[龍捲風] long2juan3feng1 tornado 天气[天氣] tian1qi4 (n.) weather•这儿的天气很好。•今天的天气怎么样? 暴风雪[暴風雪] bao4feng1xue3 snowstorm; blizzard 明亮[明亮] ming2liang4 (adj.) well-lit; bright; shining; clear•明亮的眼睛•明亮的月亮•明亮的灯光 冷[冷] leng3 (adj.) cold•这个房间不冷。•你家乡的冬天冷吗?不太冷。 地震[地震] di4zhen4 (n.) earthquake震: shake; shock; vibrate; quake•预防地震•地震的预报 雾[霧] wu4 (n.) fog, mist 高温[高溫] gao1wen1 high temperature 高溫計 gāowēn jì pyrometer 高溫氣候 gāowēn qìhòu megathermal climate 湿度[濕度] shi1du4 humidity; moisture 空氣濕度 Kōngqì shīdù air humidity 土壤的濕度 tǔrǎng de shīdù moisture content (or capacity) in soil 闪电[閃電] shan3dian4 lightning 下雨[下雨] xia4yu3 (v.o.) rain•这里的夏天常常下大雨。•下雨了,快走。 下雪[下雪] xia4xue3 (v.o.) snow•下小雪•下大雪•这儿的冬天常常下雪。 阳光[陽光] yang2guang1 (n.) sunlight; sunshine•阳光充足•今天阳光灿烂•阳光房 雷声[雷聲] lei2sheng1 thunderclap; thunder 雷聲隆隆 léishēnglónglóng the rumble (or roll) of thunder 雷雨[雷雨] lei2yu3 thunderstorm 暖和[暖和] nuan3huo5 (adj.) warm•春天很暖和。•教室里暖和,外面冷。 风[風] feng1 (n.) common practice, custom 动物[動物] dong4wu4 (n.) animal 猫[貓] mao1 1 cat 雄貓 xióngmāo tomcat 小貓 xiǎomāo kitten 2 dialect hide oneself 他一聽我們到來, 就趕緊貓起來了。 Tā yī tīng wǒmen dàolái, jiù gǎnjǐn māo qǐlai le. As soon as he heard us coming, he quickly hid himself somewhere. See 貓máo 牛[牛] niu2 1 ox; cattle 母牛 mǔniú cow 公牛 gōngniú bull 小牛 xiǎoniú calf 2 stubborn or arrogant ▶ 牛脾氣 niúpíqi , 牛氣 niúqi 3 the ninth of the twenty-eight constellations (二十八宿) into which the celestial sphere was divided in ancient Chinese astronomy (consisting of six stars, three in Aries and three in Sagittarius) 4 (Niú) a surname 鸭[鴨] ya1 (n.) duck•鸭子•鸭肉•烤鸭 山羊[山羊] shan1yang2 1 goat 2 sports buck 狮子[獅子] shi1zi5 lion 猪[豬] zhu1 pig; hog; swine 小豬 xiǎozhū pigling; piglet 母豬 mǔzhū sow 公豬 gōngzhū boar 羊[羊] yang2 (n.) sheep; goat•牧羊•羊毛毛衣•养羊 老虎[老虎] lao3hu3 tiger 鸟[鳥] niao3 bird See 鳥diǎo 鸡[雞] ji1 chicken 公雞 gōngjī cock; rooster 母雞 mǔjī hen 雛雞 chújī chick; chicken 雞鳴而起 jī míng ér qǐ rise at cockcrow 狗[狗] gou3 (n.) dog•狗食•那条狗一见到人就叫。•她养了几条小狗。 大象[大象] da4xiang4 elephant 马[馬] ma3 1 horse 2 horse, one of the pieces in Chinese chess 3 big; large ▶ 馬蜂 mǎfēng 4 (Mǎ) a surname 猴子[猴子] hou2zi5 monkey 老鼠[老鼠] lao3shu3 (n.) mouse, rat•一只老鼠•消灭老鼠•老鼠过街,人人喊打。 蛇[蛇] she2 snake; serpent See 蛇yí 螃蟹[螃蟹] pang2xie4 crab 鲨鱼[鯊魚] sha1yu2 (n.) shark•一条鲨鱼•鲨鱼的研究•鲨鱼是可以食用的海洋鱼类之一。 海星[海星] hai3xing1 starfish; sea star 鲸鱼[鯨魚] jing1yu2 whale 鱼[魚] yu2 1 fish 兩條魚 Liǎng tiáo yú two fish 2 (Yú) a surname 虾[蝦] xia1 shrimp 蝦群 xiā qún a shoal of shrimps 乌龟[烏龜] wu1gui1 1 tortoise 2 cuckold 蚂蚁[螞蟻] ma3yi3 ant 蝴蝶[蝴蝶] hu2die2 butterfly 跳蚤[跳蚤] tiao4zao5 flea 昆虫[昆蟲] kun1chong2 insect 傳病昆蟲 chuán bìng kūnchóng insect vector 虱子[虱子] shi1zi5 louse 蜘蛛[蜘蛛] zhi1zhu1 spider 蜘蛛絲 zhīzhūsī the thread of a spider web; cobweb 蜘蛛網 zhīzhūwǎng spider (or spider's) web; cobweb 蜜蜂[蜜蜂] mi4feng1 honeybee; bee 蟑螂[蟑螂] zhang1lang2 cockroach; roach 苍蝇[蒼蠅] cang1ying5 fly; housefly 瓢虫[瓢蟲] piao2chong2 ladybug; ladybird 蚊子[蚊子] wen2zi5 mosquito 沙滩[沙灘] sha1tan1 (n.) sandy beach•打沙滩排球•在沙滩上晒太阳 深[深] shen1 (adj.) deep; profound; dark (color)•给他们留下了很深的印象•眼睛是蓝色•海水很深 灰尘[灰塵] hui1chen2 (n.) dust灰: ash尘: dust; dirt•森林吸收大量灰尘•家具上的灰尘•怎么除掉电脑上的灰尘? 平坦[平坦] ping2tan3 (of land, etc.) level; even; smooth 地勢平坦 Dìshì píngtǎn smooth terrain 革命的道路決不是平坦的。 Gémìng de dàolù juébù shì píngtǎn de. The road of revolution is by no means smooth. 山丘[山丘] shan1qiu1 hill 湖[湖] hu2 1 lake 2 (Hú) a name referring to the provinces of Hunan and Hubei 3 (Hú) short for 湖洲 Huzhou (a city in Zhejiang Province famous for its writing brushes and silk) 土地[土地] tu3di4 (n.) land 海洋[海洋] hai3yang2 (n.) seas and oceans; ocean洋: ocean; vast•受海洋吹来的夏季风的影响•海洋性气候•海洋生物 河流[河流] he2liu2 (n.) river; stream•房屋和工厂离河流越来越近•河流的类型•生命的河流 沙[沙] sha1 1 sand; grit 2 sth. resembling sand; sth. granular or powdery ▶ 豆沙 dòushā 3 (Shā) a surname (of voice) hoarse; husky czar or czarist; tsar or tsarist See 沙shà 天空[天空] tian1kong1 the sky; the heavens 山谷[山谷] shan1gu3 mountain valley; ravine 海岸[海岸] hai3an4 (n.) seacoast 沙漠[沙漠] sha1mo4 (n.) desert•沙漠景色•去沙漠探险•沙漠绿洲 田地[田地] tian2di4 1 field; farmland; cropland 2 wretched situation; plight 真沒想到事情會發展到這步田地。 Zhēn méi xiǎngdào shìqing huì fāzhǎn dào zhè bù tiándì. I never dreamt things would come to such a pass. 你怎麼落到這步田地! Nǐ zěnme luò dào zhè bù tiándì! How did you get into such a plight? 森林[森林] sen1lin2 (n.) forest林: forest; woods; grove•原始森林•森林面积•森林覆盖率 岛[島] dao3 island 陆地[陸地] lu4di4 (n.) dry land; land•陆地面积•领土的陆地部分是它的领陆•陆地交通 山[山] shan1 1 hill; mountain 一座高山 Yī zuò gāoshān a high mountain 2 anything resembling a mountain ▶ 冰山 bīngshān 3 a bunch of straw in which silkworms spin cocoons 蠶上山了。 Cán shàngshān le. The silkworms have gone into the straw bundles to spin their cocoons. 4 gable 5 (Shān) a surname 水池[水池] shui3chi2 pond; pool; cistern 石头[石頭] shi2tou5 stone; rock 石頭砌的牆 shítou qì de qiáng a stone wall 心裡好像一塊石頭落了地 xīnli hǎoxiàng yī kuài shítou luò le de feel as though a load has been taken off one's mind 海[海] hai3 1 sea or big lake 大海 dàhǎi the sea 洱海 ěr hǎi Erhai Lake (in Yunnan Province) 2 a great number of people or things coming together ▶ 人海 rénhǎi , 林海 línhǎi 3 extra large; of great capacity ▶ 海碗 hǎiwǎn 4 dialect (usu. followed by 了 or 啦) countless 廣場上的人可海啦! Guǎngchǎng shàng de rén kě hǎi la! There were countless people in the square. 5 dialect randomly or aimlessly 海罵 hǎimà shout at no one in particular 海找 hǎi zhǎo look high and low (for sth.) 他有錢就海吃海喝。 Tā yǒu qián jiù hǎi chī hǎi hē. Whenever he has some money, he squanders it on food and drink. 6 (Hǎi) a surname 小溪[小溪] xiao3xi1 1 brook 2 streamlet 木头[木頭] mu4tou5 informal wood; log; timber 一塊木頭 yī kuài mùtou a piece of wood 木頭桌子 mùtou zhuōzi a wooden table 樱桃[櫻桃] ying1tao2 cherry 树叶[樹葉] shu4ye4 tree leaves 枫树[楓樹] feng1shu4 Chinese sweet gum (Liquidambar formosana) 棕榈树[棕櫚樹] zong1lü2shu4 palm tree 种植[種植] zhong4zhi2 plant; grow 油菜種植面積 yóucài zhòngzhí miànji rape-growing areas; areas sown to rape 种子[種子] zhong3zi3 1 seed 種子處理 zhǒngzǐ chǔlǐ seed treatment 種子清選機 zhǒngzǐ qīng xuǎn jī seed cleaner 種子田 zhǒngzǐ tián seed-breeding field 種子植物 zhǒngzǐ zhíwù seed plant 2 sports seeded player; seed 被列為種子 bèi lièwéi zhǒngzǐ be seeded 種子選手 zhǒngzǐ xuǎnshǒu seeded player; seed 郁金香[鬱金香] yu4jin1xiang1 botany tulip (Tulipa gesneriana) 花[花] hua1 (v.) spend•花钱•花时间•花精力 百合花[百合花] bai3he2hua1 1 lily 2 fig. pure and spotless person 3 virgin 橡树[橡樹] xiang4shu4 oak 松树[松樹] song1shu4 (n.) pine tree松: pine•这棵松树•松树林 玫瑰花[玫瑰花] mei2gui1hua1 rose 向日葵[向日葵] xiang4ri4kui2 sunflower // Gospel/Other Useful Vocab for Missionaries/School and Work 学士学位[學士學位] xue2shi4xue2wei4 bachelor's degree 学位[學位] xue2wei4 (n.) (academic) degree•授予学位•颁发学位证书•撰写学位论文 考试[考試] kao3shi4 (n.) examination, test•你考试通过了吗?•参加考试•写考试卷子 年级[年級] nian2ji2 grade; year 大學三年級學生 dàxué sān niánjí xuésheng third year university student 小學一年級學生 xiǎoxué yī niánjí xuésheng first grade primary school pupil 幼儿园[幼兒園] you4er2yuan2 (n.) kindergarten; nursery school; preschool•社区幼儿园•我五岁上幼儿园。•他小弟还在幼儿园小班。 专业[專業] zhuan1ye4 (n.) special field of study•他的专业是电脑。•专业知识•专业人才 辅修[輔修] fu3xiu1 1 to minor in 2 minor 老师[老師] lao3shi1 (n.) teacher•老师好!•我的老师•王老师 大学[大學] da4xue2 1 university; college 2 The Great Learning See also 四書 sìshū 学院[學院] xue2yuan4 (n.) college, institute•外语学院•计算机学院•海军学院 小学[小學] xiao3xue2 1 primary (or elementary) school 2 philological studies 成绩[成績] cheng2ji4 (n.) grades, score, achievement•学习成绩•考试成绩•工作成绩•做出成绩 高中[高中] gao1zhong1 (n.) high school•在中国,高中生的学习很紧张。•高中毕业 幼稚园[幼稚園] you4zhi4yuan2 old name for 幼兒園 yòu'éryuán 主修[主修] zhu3xiu1 (v.) major in•主修中文•主修经济•主修科目 学生[學生] xue2sheng5 (n.) student•他是学生。•三位学生•大学生 技术学院[技術學院] ji4shu4 xue2yuan4 technology school 艺术[藝術] yi4shu4 (n.) art 计算机科学[計算機科學] ji4suan4ji1ke1xue2 computer science 工程学[工程學] gong1cheng2xue2 engineering 外语[外語] wai4yu3 foreign language 法学[法學] fa3xue2 the science of law; law 医学[醫學] yi1xue2 (n.) medical science; medicine•医学博士•医学院•他选择了医学专业。 心理学[心理學] xin1li3xue2 psychology 心理學家 xīnlǐxuéjiā psychologist 商业学院[商業學院] shang1ye4 xue2yuan4 business school 电脑[電腦] dian4nao3 (n.) computer•他是学电脑专业的。•电脑技术•电脑软件 科学[科學] ke1xue2 (n.) science•我的儿子从小就想当科学家,用科学知识为人类服务。 英语[英語] Ying1yu3 English (language) 英國英語 Yīngguó Yīngyǔ British English 美國英語 Měiguó Yīngyǔ American English 純正英語 chúnzhèng Yīngyǔ pure English 標準英語 Biāozhǔn Yīngyǔ standard English; king's (or queen's) English 當代英語 dāngdài Yīngyǔ contemporary (or present day) English 現代英語 xiàndài Yīngyǔ modern English 英語國家 Yīngyǔ guójiā English-speaking countries 英語水平測驗 Yīngyǔ shuǐpíng cèyàn English Proficiency Test (EPT) 人文学[人文學] ren2wen2xue2 humanities 数学[數學] shu4xue2 (n.) mathematics•祖冲之是中国古代一名数学家。•数学科•数学考试 音乐[音樂] yin1yue4 (n.) music•听音乐•喜欢听音乐•中国音乐 申请表[申請表] shen1qing3biao3 (n.) application form•入学申请表•填写申请表•就业申请表 公司[公司] gong1si1 (n.) company•他在公司工作。•私人公司•外国公司 员工[員工] yuan2gong1 staff; personnel 師生員工 shīshēngyuángōng teachers, students, administrative personnel and workers 开除[開除] kai1chu2 (v.) expel, discharge, dismiss 雇佣[雇傭] gu4yong1 employ; hire 网路[網路] wang3lu4 1 network (computer, telecom) 2 Internet 3 Taiwanese term for 網絡wǎngluò [網絡] 实习[實習] shi2xi2 (v./n.) internship, fieldwork, practice, field trip•实习生•毕业后找一个实习的工作•去旧金山实习 工作[工作] gong1zuo4 (v./n.) work, job•你在哪儿工作?•在中学工作•你有工作吗? 兼职[兼職] jian1zhi2 (v.) hold two or more posts concurrently兼: concurrently•兼职教师•兼职教练•你的精力有限,不要兼职太多。 职业[職業] zhi2ye4 (n.) occupation, profession•教书是一种职业。•职业军人•职业演员 履历[履歷] lü3li4 1 one's personal record (of education, work experience, and attainments); antecedents 2 (British) curriculum vitae (cv); (American) résumé 失业[失業] shi1ye4 (v.) unemployed; unemployment•失业保险•失业率•失业情况 申请[申請] shen1qing3 (v.) apply•你申请这个工作了吗?•交申请•申请信 教育[教育] jiao4yu4 (n./v.) education, educate•受教育•教育部•教育工作者 雇主[雇主] gu4zhu3 employer 全职[全職] quan2zhi2 full-time job 互联网[互聯網] hu4lian2wang3 (n.) internet•“互联网”是internet一词的意译。 因特网[因特網] yin1te4wang3 computing internet 面试[面試] mian4shi4 (n.) interview•面试的时候要穿得好一点。•参加面试•通过面试 解雇[解雇] jie3gu4 (v.) dismiss, layoff•他不好好工作,被解雇了。•解雇工人•解雇员工 职位[職位] zhi2wei4 (n.) position, post•他在这家公司有个很好的职位。•职位的高低•在这个职位上 辞职[辭職] ci2zhi2 (v.o.) resign 技能[技能] ji4neng2 technical ability; mastery of a skill or technique 生產技能 shēngchǎn jìnéng skill in production 工资[工資] gong1zi1 (n.) salary•我的工资不太高。•工资单•发工资 行政人员[行政人員] xing2zheng4 ren2yuan2 administrative personnel (or staff) 程序员[程序員] cheng2xu4yuan2 programmer 电工[電工] dian4gong1 1 electrical engineering 電工技術 diàngōng jìshù electrotechnics 電工器材 diàngōng qìcái electrical appliances 2 electrician 农民[農民] nong2min2 peasant; peasantry 農民階級 nóngmín jiējí the peasantry 商人[商人] shang1ren2 (n.) businessman•台湾商人在大陆投资•买衣服的商人•进出口商人 医生[醫生] yi1sheng1 (n.) doctor•急诊室的医生•我爸爸是个医生。•医生的工作很紧张。 工程师[工程師] gong1cheng2shi1 (n.) engineer•三位工程师 农夫[農夫] nong2fu1 old farmer 律师[律師] lü4shi1 (n.) lawyer•律师就是懂得法律,帮别人打官司的人。•律师资格考试•请律师 教师[教師] jiao4shi1 (n.) teacher•教师是一个很好的职业。•教师节•当教师 技工[技工] ji4gong1 1 short for 技術工人 jìshù gōngrén 2 mechanic; technician 科学家[科學家] ke1xue2jia1 (n.) scientist // Gospel/Other Useful Vocab for Missionaries/Weeks and Months 星期天[星期天] xing1qi1tian1 (n.) Sunday•明天是星期天。•我星期天常去商店买东西。 星期二[星期二] xing1qi1er4 Tuesday (Tues.) 星期一[星期一] xing1qi1yi1 Monday (Mon.) 星期三[星期三] xing1qi1san1 Wednesday (Wed.) 星期四[星期四] xing1qi1si4 Thursday (Thur. or Thurs.) 星期五[星期五] xing1qi1wu3 Friday (Fri.) 星期六[星期六] xing1qi1liu4 Saturday (Sat.) 一月[一月] yi1yue4 January 二月[二月] er4yue4 1 February 2 the second month of the lunar year; the second moon 三月[三月] san1yue4 1 March 2 the third month of the lunar year; the third moon 四月[四月] si4yue4 1 April 2 the fourth month of the lunar year; the fourth moon 五月[五月] wu3yue4 1 May 2 the fifth month of the lunar year; the fifth moon 六月[六月] liu4yue4 1 June 2 the sixth month of the lunar year; the sixth moon 七月[七月] qi1yue4 1 July 2 the seventh month of the lunar year; the seventh moon 八月[八月] ba1yue4 1 August 2 the eighth month of the lunar year; the eighth moon 九月[九月] jiu3yue4 1 September 2 the ninth month of the lunar year; the ninth moon 十月[十月] shi2yue4 1 October 2 the tenth month of the lunar year; the tenth moon 十二月[十二月] shi2er4yue4 1 December 2 the twelfth month of the lunar year; the twelfth moon 十一月[十一月] shi2yi1yue4 1 November 2 the eleventh month of the lunar year; the eleventh moon 周末[週末] zhou1mo4 weekend 我們在北戴河度過了一個愉快的周末。 Wǒmen zài běi dài hé dùguò le yī ge yúkuài de zhōumò. We spent a lovely weekend in Beidaihe. // Gospel/Other Useful Vocab for Missionaries/Linguistic 几乎[幾乎] ji1hu1 (adv.) almost•昨天我起床起晚了,几乎迟到。•几乎不为人知•几乎出事故 总是[總是] zong3shi4 (adv.) always•他妈妈总是每天很早起床。•这里的冬天总是下大雪。 从不[從不] cong2bu4 never 又[又] you4 adverb 1 (used for an actual action) again 他又來了。 Tā yòu lái le. Here he comes again. 我又到那兒去了。 Wǒ yòu dào nàr qù le. I went there again. 他說了又說。 Tā shuō le yòu shuō. He said it over and over again. 2 also; in addition 他要買肉又要買魚。 Tā yào mǎi ròu yòu yào mǎi yú. He wants to buy meat and also fish. 這個很好, 又便宜。 Zhège hěn hǎo, yòu piányi. This is very good, and inexpensive too. 天很黑, 又下著雨, 路更難走了。 Tiān hěn hēi, yòu xià zhe yǔ, lù gèng nán zǒu le. On top of it being dark it was raining, which made the going even tougher. 3 (used between a whole number and a fraction) and 一又二分之一 Yī yòu èr fēnzhī yī one and a half 4 (used, sometimes in pairs, to indicate contrary actions or ideas) 他答應了來又不來。 Tā dāying le lái yòu bù lái. He promised to come but didn't. 剛才太冷, 現在又太熱了。 Gāngcái tài lěng, xiànzài yòu tài rè le. Just a moment ago it was too cold, now it's too hot. 我想去, 又怕沒時間。 Wǒ xiǎng qù, yòu pà méi shíjiān. I'd like to go, but I'm not sure if I can find the time. 她又想去, 又想不去, 拿不定主意。 Tā yòu xiǎng qù, yòu xiǎng bù qù, ná bù dìng zhǔyi. She couldn't make up her mind whether to go or not. 5 (used in a negative statement or a rhetorical question for emphasis) 我又沒說你不對, 你何必生氣呢? Wǒ yòu méi shuō nǐ bù duì, nǐ hébì shēngqì ne? I didn't say you were wrong; why should you be so angry? 這活兒又不重, 我一個人頂得下來。 Zhè huór yòu bù zhòng, wǒ yī ge rén dǐng de xiàlai. That's not a hard job. I'm sure I can manage it alone. 這樣做又有什麼好處呢? Zhèyàng zuò yòu yǒu shénme hǎochu ne? What good is there in doing that? 6 (reduplicated, with verbs or adjectives) both ... and ...; not only ... but also ... 坐飛機又快又舒服。 Zuò fēijī yòu kuài yòu shūfu. The plane is both quick and comfortable. 這兒的東西又便宜又好。 Zhèr de dōngxi yòu piányi yòu hǎo. Things here are not only inexpensive but also good. 又哭又鬧 Yòu kū yòu nào make a tearful scene 大概[大概] da4gai4 (adv.) maybe, perhaps•大概是中号的。•大概七点半•他大概不来了。 有时[有時] you3shi2 sometimes; at times; now and then 他有時也寫幾句詩。 Tā yǒushí yě xiě jǐ jù shī. Sometimes he writes a few lines of poetry. 那裡的天氣, 有時冷, 有時熱。 Nàli de tiānqì, yǒushí lěng, yǒushí rè. The weather there is now cold, now hot. 今天[今天] jin1tian1 (n.) today•今天周末。•今天我想去商店。 平常[平常] ping2chang2 1 ordinary; common 這種現象很平常。 Zhèzhǒng xiànxiàng hěn píngcháng. This sort of thing is quite a common occurrence. 2 generally; usually; ordinarily; as a rule 平常我很少進城。 Píngcháng wǒ hěn shǎo jìnchéng. I don't go to town much as a rule. 這個詞兒平常很少用。 Zhège cír píngcháng hěn shǎo yòng. This word is seldom used on ordinary occasions. 已经[已經] yi3jing1 (adv.) already•我们已经学了两个多月的中文了。•我的儿子已经长大了。 最后[最後] zui4hou4 (adv.) finally, at last•我最后通过考试了,我很高兴。•他最后还是去了北京大学。•最后,我看懂了那篇课文。 常[常] chang2 1 ordinary; common; normal 人情之常 Rénqíng zhī cháng natural and normal 2 constant; invariable 冬夏常青 dōng xià chángqīng remain green throughout the year; evergreen 3 adverb frequently; often; usually 常來常往 chángláichángwǎng exchange frequent visits; pay frequent calls 她常去聽音樂會。 Tā cháng qù tīng yīnyuèhuì. She goes to concerts quite often. 我們常見面。 Wǒmen cháng jiànmiàn. We see quite a lot of each other. 4 (Cháng) a surname 再[再] zai4 (adv.) again; more•再买两把菠菜。•他不再说了。•再也不要上课了。 突然[突然] tu1ran2 (adj./adv.) sudden; suddenly•突然接到命令•天突然下雨了•突然发生的事件 明天[明天] ming2tian1 (n.) tomorrow•明天见!•明天是星期天。 昨天[昨天] zuo2tian1 (n.) yesterday•昨天是星期三吧?不是,昨天是星期二。 更好[更好] geng4hao3 better 更[更] geng4 (adv.) more, even more•本来我就病着呢,昨天出门一着凉,就更不舒服了。•这本书更有意思。•他更高。 伟大[偉大] wei3da4 (adj.) great; mighty•历史上最伟大的科学家•伟大的国家•伟大的人民 低[低] di1 1 low 低水位 Dī shuǐwèi low water level 情緒低 qíngxù dī be low-spirited 壓低嗓門 yādī sǎngmén lower one's voice 飛機飛得很低。 Fēijī fēi de hěn dī. The plane flew very low. 這個音女聲唱太低。 Zhège yīn nǚshēng chàng tài dī. The note is too low for a female voice. 低年級學生 Dī niánjí xuésheng students of the junior years (or lower grades) 我比他低一年級。 Wǒ bǐ tā dī yī niánjí. I am one grade below him. 2 let droop; hang down 他把頭低了下來。 Tā bǎ tóu dī le xiàlai. He hung his head. 小[小] xiao3 1 small; little; petty; minor 小屋 xiǎowū a small room or house 小河 xiǎohé a small river 小姑娘 xiǎogūniang a little girl 小國 xiǎoguó a small country 小事 xiǎoshì a small matter 小問題 xiǎo wèntí a minor question 小手術 xiǎoshǒushù a minor operation 那個數量很小。 Nàge shùliàng hěn xiǎo. That's a very small amount. 你的聲音太小。 Nǐ de shēngyīn tài xiǎo. Your voice is too soft. 風小些了。 Fēng xiǎo xiē le. The wind has dropped a little. 鞋小了點。 Xié xiǎo le diǎn. These shoes are a bit too tight. 2 young 他還小呢。 Tā hái xiǎo ne. He's still young. 你也不小了。 Nǐ yě bù xiǎo le. You're not young any more. 她比我小。 Tā bǐ wǒ xiǎo. She's younger than I am. 3 of short duration 小坐片刻 xiǎozuòpiànkè sit for a while 4 the last in order of seniority 小兒子 xiǎo'érzi the youngest son 他是我小弟弟。 Tā shì wǒ xiǎo dìdi. He is my youngest brother. 5 (used before names of animals to indicate the young) 小雞 xiǎojī chick 小鴨 xiǎoyā duckling 小狗 xiǎo gǒu pup; puppy 小貓 xiǎomāo kitten; kitty 小牛 xiǎoniú calf; heifer 小羊 xiǎoyáng lamb; kid 小馬 xiǎomǎ pony; foal; colt 小豬 xiǎozhū piggy; piglet; shoat 小鹿 xiǎolù deerlet; fawn 小老虎 xiǎolǎohǔ tiger cub 6 little ones; children 一家大小 yī jiā dà xiǎo the whole family, old and young 上有老, 下有小 shàng yǒu lǎo, xià yǒu xiǎo have the old above and the young below--have parents and children to care for 7 concubine 討個小 tǎo ge xiǎo take a concubine 8 humble my; our 小女 xiǎonǚ my daughter 小店 xiǎodiàn my store 9 (used before family name, givenname, etc.) 小張 xiǎo zhāng Xiao Zhang 小強 xiǎo qiáng Xiao Qiang 小三兒 xiǎo sānr Xiao Sanr (childhood name for one's third child) 弱[弱] ruo4 1 weak; feeble 他身體很弱。 Tā shēntǐ hěn ruò. He is very weak. 由弱變強 Yóu ruò biàn qiáng go from weakness to strength 他年紀雖老, 幹活並不弱。 Tā niánjì suī lǎo, gànhuó bìng bù ruò. Old as he is, he works energetically. 他的語法弱。 Tā de yǔfǎ ruò. He's weak in grammar. 這屋光線弱。 Zhè wū guāngxiàn ruò. The light is poor in this room. 2 young ▶ 老弱 lǎo-ruò 3 inferior 她的能力並不比別人弱。 Tā de nénglì bìng bù bǐ biéren ruò. She's no less capable than the others. 這個隊的防守弱於對方。 Zhège duì de fángshǒu ruò yú duìfāng. This team's defence is not as good as the opponent's. 4 formal lose (through death) 又弱一個。 Yòu ruò yī ge. Another one (usu. a celebrity) has passed away. 5 (following a fraction or decimal) a little less than 三分之一弱 sān fēnzhī yī ruò a little less than one-third 更大[更大] geng4da4 bigger 更高[更高] geng4 gao1 higher 矮[矮] ai3 (adj.) short (of stature); low•矮个子•身材矮小•她长得很矮。 强壮[強壯] qiang2zhuang4 strong; sturdy; robust 他身體強壯。 Tā shēntǐ qiángzhuàng. He's strong and healthy. 差[差] cha4 (v.) be short of•差十分五点•六点差五分 大约[大約] da4yue1 (adv.) approximately•从旧金山坐飞机去上海大约需要十三个钟头。 以后[以後] yi3hou4 (n.) after•下课以后•晚饭以后•十一点以后 面对[面對] mian4dui4 (v.) face, confront, encounter•面对问题•面对挑战•面对考验 左[左] zuo3 1 the left side; the left 左上方 zuǒshàngfāng the upper left 左轉彎 zuǒzhuǎnwān turn to the left; turn left 2 east 山左 Shānzuǒ areas east of the Taihang Mountains, specifically Shandong Province 3 the Left 凡有人群的地方, 都有左、中、右。 Fán yǒu rénqún de dìfang, dōu yǒu zuǒ, zhōng, yòu. Wherever there are masses of people they are invariably divided into the Left, the middle and the Right. 4 queer; unorthodox; heretical ▶ 左脾氣 zuǒpíqi 5 wrong; incorrect 你想左了。 Nǐ xiǎng zuǒ le. You're not thinking in the right way. or You've got a wrong idea. 6 different; contrary; opposite ▶ 相左 xiāngzuǒ 7 (Zuǒ) a surname 在[在] zai4 (prep.) in, at, on•在小学工作•在商店工作•在学校工作 后面[後面] hou4mian5 1 at the back; in the rear; behind 後面還有座位。 Hòumian háiyǒu zuòwèi. There are vacant seats at the back. 2 later 這個問題我後面還要講。 Zhège wèntí wǒ hòumian háiyào jiǎng. I'll come back to this question later. 之间[之間] zhi1jian1 (n.) among; between•邻居之间•同事之间•两城市之间 前面[前面] qian2mian5 1 in front; at the head; ahead 在房子前面 zài fángzi qiánmian in front of the house 前面有座位。 Qiánmian yǒu zuòwèi. There're seats in the front rows. 走在隊伍前面 Zǒu zài duìwu qiánmian march at the head of the column 前面就是宿營地。 Qiánmian jiùshì sùyíngdì. The campsite is right ahead. 前面來了一個人。 Qiánmian lái le yī ge rén. A man was coming towards us. 科學研究工作應當走在經濟建設的前面。 Kēxué yánjiū gōngzuò yīngdāng zǒu zài jīngjì jiànshè de qiánmian. Scientific research should anticipate economic construction. 2 above; preceding 前面提到的原則 Qiánmian tídào de yuánzé the above-mentioned principle 前面的一章 qiánmian de yī zhāng the preceding chapter 旁边[旁邊] pang2bian1 (n.) side•客厅旁边是厨房。•他坐在我的旁边。•旁边已经没有地方了。 上面[上面] shang4mian5 1 above; over; on top of; on the surface of 飛機在雲層上面飛行。 Fēijī zài yúncéng shàngmian fēixíng. The plane flew above the clouds. 粉牆上面掛著大幅標語。 Fěnqiáng shàngmian guà zhe dàfú biāoyǔ. Large streamers bearing slogans were hanging on the white wall. 你的行李袋就在我的箱子上面。 Nǐ de xínglǐdài jiù zài wǒ de xiāngzi shàngmian. Your bag is on top of my suit-case. 上面就是琉璃塔了。 Shàngmian jiùshì liúlítǎ le. Further up is the glazed-tile pagoda. 大橋上面走汽車, 下面走火車。 Dà qiáo shàngmian zǒu qìchē, xiàmian zǒu huǒchē. The upper deck of the bridge is for motor vehicles, the lower deck for trains. 運河上面架了一座橋。 Yùnhé shàngmian jià le yī zuò qiáo. A bridge has been built across the canal. 2 above-mentioned; aforesaid; foregoing 上面所舉的例子 Shàngmian suǒ jǔ de lìzi the above-mentioned example 上面這幾條理由 shàngmian zhè jǐ tiáo lǐyóu the aforesaid reasons 上面幾個發言 shàngmian jǐ ge fāyán the speeches you've just heard; the previous speeches 3 higher authorities; higher-ups 上面有指示。 Shàngmian yǒu zhǐshì. There are instructions from above. 4 aspect; respect; regard 他在外語上面下了很多功夫。 Tā zài wàiyǔ shàngmian xià le hěn duō gōngfu. He has put a lot of effort into his study of foreign languages. 5 the elder generation of one's family; the elders 向[向] xiang4 (prep.) towards•向前•向左•向右 对面[對面] dui4mian4 (n.) face to face; opposite•对面是书房。•对面走过来一个人。•我们对面住着一个老人。 下面[下面] xia4mian5 1 below; under; underneath 大橋下面 dà qiáo xiàmian under the bridge 圖表下面的說明 túbiǎo xiàmian de shuōmíng the caption below the chart 褥子下面鋪著一領席。 Rùzi xiàmian pū zhe yī lǐng xí. There is a mat underneath the mattress. 2 the next in order; following 下面該誰了? Xiàmian gāi shuí le? Who's next? 下面一個 xiàmian yī ge the next one 必須記住下面幾點。 Bìxū jìzhu xiàmian jǐ diǎn. The following points should be borne in mind. 下面請老李談談。 Xiàmian qǐng lǎo lǐ tán tán. Now we'll ask Lao Li to say something. 這個問題我下面還要談到。 Zhège wèntí wǒ xiàmian hái yào tán dào. I'll come back to this point later on. 3 lower level; subordinate 細心傾聽下面的意見 Xìxīn qīngtīng xiàmian de yìjian listen carefully to the views of one's subordinates 了解下面的情況 liǎojiě xiàmian de qíngkuàng find out about how things are at the lower levels 到[到] dao4 1 arrive; reach 火車到站了。 Huǒchē dào zhàn le. The train has arrived at the station. 到了多少人? Dào le duōshao rén? How many people were present? 時間到了。 Shíjiān dào le. Time's up. 到! Dào! (answer to roll call) Here! 2 go to; leave for 到蘭州去 Dào Lánzhōu qù go to Lanzhou 到群眾中去 dào qúnzhòng zhōng qù go among the masses; go into the midst of the masses 3 preposition up until; up to 從星期三到星期五 cóng Xīngqīsān dào Xīngqīwǔ from Wednesday to Friday 到目前為止 Dào mùqián wéizhǐ up to the present; until now; so far 工作到深夜 gōngzuò dào shēnyè work late into the night 溫度降到零下二十度。 Wēndù jiàng dào língxià èrshí dù. The temperature dropped to minus twenty degrees centigrade. 4 (used as a verb complement to show the result of an action) 辦得到 bàndedào can be done 說到做到 shuōdàozuòdào be as good as one's word 想不到你來了。 Xiǎng bù dào nǐ lái le. I didn't expect you would come. 我到處找那本書, 終於在床底下找到了。 Wǒ dàochù zhǎo nà běn shū, zhōngyú zài chuáng dǐxia zhǎodào le. I looked everywhere for the book, and finally found it under the bed. 5 thoughtful; considerate 不到之處請原諒。 Bù dào zhī chù qǐng yuánliàng. Please excuse me if I have been inconsiderate in any way. 一直[一直] yi1zhi2 adverb 1 straight 一直走 Yīzhí zǒu go straight ahead; keep straight on 一直往西走 yī zhí wǎng xī zǒu go straight towards the west 從窗口一直望出去 cóng chuāngkǒu yīzhí wàng chūqu look straight ahead out of the window 2 continuously; all along; always; all the way 雪一直下了兩天兩夜。 Xuě yīzhí xià le liǎng tiān liǎng yè. It snowed for two days and nights on end. 我們一直配合得很好。 Wǒmen yīzhí pèihé de hěn hǎo. We have cooperated very well all along. 我一直在等你。 Wǒ yīzhí zài děng nǐ. I've been waiting for you all the time. 她一直把我送到車站。 Tā yīzhí bǎ wǒ sòng dào chēzhàn. She went with me all the way to the station. 從年初起一直到現在 Cóng niánchū qǐ yī zhídào xiànzài from the beginning of the year right up to now; ever since the beginning of the year 走[走] zou3 (v.) go, leave•我们几点走?•你走不走? 里[裡] li5 1 in; inside 往裡走 Wǎng li zǒu go inside 手裡 shǒuli in one's hands 皮箱裡 píxiāng li in (or inside) the suitcase 2 (used after 這, 那, 哪, etc. to indicate a place) 這裡 zhèli here 那裡 nàli there 縣裡發的通知 xiàn li fā de tōngzhī a circular issued by the county authorities 家裡沒人。 Jiāli méi rén. There is no one at home. 接近[接近] jie1jin4 (v.) approach•接近杀青•接近两亿元•接近正常年份 现在[現在] xian4zai4 (n.) now•现在六点。•我现在是学生。 右[右] you4 1 the right side; the right 向右拐 xiàng yòu guǎi turn right 靠右走 kào yòu zǒu keep to the right 2 west 山右 shānyòu areas west of the Taihang Mountains, specifically Shanxi Province 3 the right side as the side of precedence ▶ 無出其右 wú chū qí yòu 4 the Right 思想太右 sīxiǎng tài yòu too far to the Right in thinking 5 formal favour; give emphasis to 右文 yòuwén give emphasis to civil affairs 直到[直到] zhi2dao4 (v.) until, up to 少[少] shao3 (adj.) few; little•这里很少下雪。•我很少有时间看电视。 是[是] shi4 (v.) be•我是学生。•他是老师。•您是王先生吗? 愿意[願意] yuan4yi4 (v.) be willing; wish•愿意帮忙•他愿意为老人们做事。 盖[蓋] gai4 1 lid; cover 茶壺蓋 Cháhú gài teapot lid 軸承蓋 zhóuchéng gài bearing cap (or cover) 2 shell (of a tortoise, crab, etc.) 3 canopy ▶ 華蓋 huágài 4 put a cover on; cover 蓋兒蓋得不緊。 Gàir gài de bù jǐn. The lid isn't on tight. 用塑料薄膜蓋住秧苗 Yòng sùliào bómó gài zhù yāngmiáo cover the seedlings with plastic sheeting 箱子沒蓋嚴。 Xiāngzi méi gài yán. The lid of the box hasn't been put on right. or The box isn't closed properly. 他昨天晚上被子沒蓋好, 著涼了。 Tā zuótiān wǎnshang bèizi méi gài hǎo, zháoliáng le. He didn't cover himself up well last night and now he's got a cold. 醜事想蓋也蓋不住。 Chǒushì xiǎng gài yě gài bù zhù. Scandals cannot be covered up. 5 affix (a seal) ▶ 蓋戳 gàichuō 6 surpass; top 大橋通車了, 歡慶的鑼鼓聲蓋過了江上的浪濤聲。 Dà qiáo tōngchē le, huānqìng de luógǔshēng gài guò le jiāng shàng de làngtāo shēng. When the bridge was opened to traffic, the joyful sounds of gongs and drums drowned the roar of the river. 他的跳高成績蓋過了所有的選手。 Tā de tiàogāo chéngjì gài guò le suǒyǒu de xuǎnshǒu. He excelled all the other contestants in the high jump. 他的嗓門很大, 把別人的聲音都蓋下去了。 Tā de sǎngmén hěn dà, bǎ biéren de shēngyīn dōu gài xiàqu le. His voice was so loud that it drowned out everyone else's voice. 7 build 蓋新房 Gài xīnfáng build new houses 這棟樓蓋得真漂亮。 Zhè dòng lóu gài de zhēn piàoliang. This building is really nice-looking. 8 (Gài) a surname formal 1 adverb approximately; about; around 與會者蓋一千人。 Yùhuìzhě gài yīqiān rén. About a thousand people attended the meeting. 2 conjunction for; because 有所不知, 蓋未學也。 Yǒusuǒ bù zhī, gài wèi xué yě. If there are things we do not know, it is because we haven't learnt them. 交换[交換] jiao1huan4 (v.) exchange 不得不[不得不] bu4de2bu4 have no choice (or option) but to; cannot but; have to 我不得不去。 Wǒ bùdébù qù. There's nothing I can do but go. 鐵證如山, 那個壞家伙不得不低頭認罪。 Tiězhèngrúshān, nà ge huài jiāhuo bùdébù dītóu rènzuì. Confronted with ironclad evidence the scoundrel had to plead guilty. 希望[希望] xi1wang4 (v.) hope•我希望你能来我们公司工作。•满怀希望•抱着很大希望 能[能] neng2 (au.) can; be able to•能不能便宜点儿?•不能这么说。•能不去吗? 可以[可以] ke3yi3 (au.) able to•你今晚可以跟我们一起去吃饭吗?可以。 做[做] zuo4 (v.) do, make•做早饭•做晚饭•你在这儿做什么? 得到[得到] de2dao4 get; obtain; gain; receive 得到及時治療 dédào jíshí zhìliáo get timely medical treatment 得到群眾的支持 dédào qúnzhòng de zhīchí enjoy the support of the masses 退休工人得到很好的照顧。 Tuìxiū gōngrén dédào hěn hǎo de zhàogu. Retired workers are all well provided for. 有[有] you3 (v.) have•我家有四口人。•我有一个姐姐。•你有孩子吗? 帮助[幫助] bang1zhu4 (v.) help; assist•互相帮助•帮助别人•同学们常常在学习上帮助我。 需要[需要] xu1yao4 (v.) need; require•从蒙特雷开车到旧金山,需要多长时间?需要大约两个半钟头。 摇[搖] yao2 (v.) shake, wave 喊叫[喊叫] han3jiao4 shout; cry out 他疼得大聲喊叫。 Tā téng de dàshēng hǎn jiào. He screamed with pain. 说[說] shuo1 1 speak; talk; say 他會說法語。 Tā huì shuō Fǎyǔ. He speaks French. 請說慢一點兒。 Qǐng shuō màn yīdiǎnr. Please speak more slowly. 說得多做得少 Shuō de duō zuò de shǎo talk much but do little 你說得很對。 Nǐ shuō de hěn duì. What you say is quite true. 那未免說得太輕了。 Nà wèimiǎn shuō de tài qīng le. That's putting it too mildly. 2 explain 他說了又說, 我還是不懂。 Tā shuō le yòu shuō, wǒ háishi bù dǒng. He explained and explained, but I still couldn't understand. 我一說他就明白了。 Wǒ yī shuō tā jiù míngbai le. I told him how and he caught on at once. 3 theory; teachings; doctrine ▶ 著書立說 zhùshū-lìshuō 4 scold 他父親說了他一頓。 Tā fùqin shuō le tā yī dùn. His father gave him a scolding (or talking-to). 5 act as matchmaker 給他說個媳婦兒 Gěi tā shuō ge xífùr find a wife for him 6 refer to; indicate 你的話是說誰呢? Nǐ de huà shì shuō shuí ne? Who did your remarks refer to? See 說shuì 說yuè 应该[應該] ying1gai1 (v.) should•应该去•你不应该回来。•他不应该那样。 告诉[告訴] gao4su5 (v.) tell•请告诉我你的姓名。•她没告诉我她的电话号码。 想要[想要] xiang3yao4 1 to want to 2 to feel like 3 to fancy 4 to care for sb 5 desirous of 虽然[雖然] sui1ran2 (conj.) although, though•虽然天冷了,可是他穿的衣服还是很少。•虽然下雨,他还是来了。•虽然她说话不好,可是他听力很好。 人群[人群] ren2qun2 crowd; throng; multitude 容易[容易] rong2yi4 (adj.) easy•这课书不容易,你要好好学。•你容易生气吗?•开摩托容易出事故。 平坦[平坦] ping2tan3 (of land, etc.) level; even; smooth 地勢平坦 Dìshì píngtǎn smooth terrain 革命的道路決不是平坦的。 Gémìng de dàolù juébù shì píngtǎn de. The road of revolution is by no means smooth. 好[好] hao3 (adj.) well, good•您好!•老师好!•我很好。 文法[文法] wen2fa3 1 rules of composition and rhetoric 2 old name for 語法 yǔfǎ 如果[如果] ru2guo3 (conj.) if•如果你来北京,一定来我家玩。 运气[運氣] yun4qi4 (n.) luck; fortune•好运气•坏运气•祝你好运气! 的[的] de5 (au.) grammatical particle•你们的老师•中文系的学生•这是谁的书? 拥有[擁有] yong1you3 (v.) possess; have; own•拥有一辆汽车•珍惜你所拥有的幸福•拥有枪支 压力[壓力] ya1li4 (n.) pressure; tension•精神压力•快考试了,我觉得压力很大。•由于工作压力大,他辞去了那份工作。 准备好[准備好] zhun3bei4 hao3 to be ready 那么[那麼] na4me5 (pr.) like that•像佛州那么热•没有我老家那么美 对不起[對不起] dui4bu5qi3 (exp.) I am sorry; Excuse me•对不起,你叫什么名字?•对不起,你是我们的中文老师吗?•对不起,我不是王先生。 全部[全部] quan2bu4 (n.) all; whole•全部打五折。•全部都给你。•全部电影我都看了。 事情[事情] shi4qing5 (n.) affair; matter; thing•讨论事情•事情的真相•我有很多事情要做。 太[太] tai4 (adv.) extremely; too•这儿的人太多。•这个城市不太大。 比[比] bi3 (prep.) than (comparison)•今天比昨天热。•我姐姐比我更喜欢游泳。 困难[困難] kun4nan5 (n.) difficult; hardship; difficulty•战胜困难•面临困难•遇到困难 精确[精確] jing1que4 (adj.) accurate, exact, precise(非常准确,非常正确)•精确分析•精确计算•论点精确 将来[將來] jiang1lai2 future 在不遠的將來 Zài bù yuǎn de jiānglái in the not too distant future; before long 在可以預見的將來 zài kěyǐ yùjiàn de jiānglái in the foreseeable future 语法[語法] yu3fa3 grammar 强烈[強烈] qiang2lie4 (adj.) strong; powerful; violent•强烈的地震•强烈要求双方立即停火•强烈反对 不[不] bu4 (adv.) no, not•她不是我们的老师。•我不姓王。•不好 或者[或者] huo4zhe3 (conj.) or; perhaps•我去或者你去•上网订票或者打电话订票 片[片] pian4 (n.) tablets, pills•药片•一次吃一片•每天吃很多药片。 宁可[寧可] ning4ke3 (adv.) would rather; better•今晚我宁可不吃饭也要做完作业。•我宁可走着回去也不想挤公共汽车。•宁可小心点好。 同样[同樣] tong2yang4 same; equal; similar 同樣的方法 Tóngyàng de fāngfǎ the same method 同樣情況下 tóngyàng qíngkuàng xià under similar circumstances 同樣地懂得 tóngyàng de dǒngde know equally well 他說英語和法語同樣流利。 Tā shuō Yīngyǔ hé Fǎyǔ tóngyàng liúlì. He speaks English and French with equal fluency. 對中國古代的文化, 我們要吸收其中有益的東西, 同樣, 對外國的也應如此。 Duì Zhōngguó gǔdài de wénhuà, wǒmen yào xīshōu qízhōng yǒuyì de dōngxi, tóngyàng, duì wàiguó de yě yīng rúcǐ. We should assimilate whatever is beneficial in ancient Chinese culture, and deal with foreign culture likewise. 不久[不久] bu4jiu3 (adv.) soon; before long; near future 空间[空間] kong1jian1 (n.) space; open air; dimension•墙角处有躲避的空间•国际空间站•油价还有回落的空间 所以[所以] suo3yi3 (conj.) so, therefore•因为我喜欢游泳,所以我喜欢夏天。 这个[這個] zhe4ge5 1 this one; this 這個孩子真乖。 Zhège háizi zhēn guāi. This child is a little dear. 這個比那個沉。 Zhège bǐ nàge chén. This one is heavier than that one. 他為了這個忙了好幾天。 Tā wèile zhège máng le hǎojǐ tiān. He's been busy with this for quite a few days. 2 informal (used before a verb or adjective to give force to it) so; such 看見大象吹口琴, 孩子們這個樂啊! Kànjian dàxiàng chuī kǒuqín, háizi men zhège yuè a! When they saw the elephant blowing the mouth organ, the children roared with laughter. 3 (repeated to show hesitation) 他叫這個這個我想不起來了。 Tā jiào zhège zhège wǒ xiǎng bù qǐlai le. His name is...ah...I cannot remember. 除非[除非] chu2fei1 (conj.) only if; unless•除非有医生的同意,否则这个病人不可以下床走动。•除非是他,别人是不会说这种话的。•除非天气不好,一般我会走路去上班。 按照[按照] an4zhao4 (prep.) according to; on the basis of•按照规定•按照惯例•按照原则办事 反对[反對] fan3dui4 (v.) oppose, be against 当中[當中] dang1zhong1 (n.) among•我们三个当中•在我的朋友当中•在我所有的老师当中 一…就…[一…就…] yi1…jiu4… (ph.) as soon as•他一从中国回来就给我打电话。•我一下飞机就看见朋友在等我。•我一看就知道他是美国人。 期间[期間] qi1jian1 (n.) period, duration•在中国学习期间,我游览了很多地方。•流感期间少出门。 为了[為了] wei4le5 preposition for; for the sake of; in order to 為了健康戒煙 Wèile jiànkāng jièyān give up smoking for the sake of health 他們現在學英語是為了以後學工。 Tāmen xiànzài xué Yīngyǔ shì wèile yǐhòu xué gōng. They are learning English in order that they can study engineering. 為了準確起見, 他再次核查數字。 Wèile zhǔnquè qǐjiàn, tā zàicì héchá shùzì. To make sure, he checked all the figures over again. 这里[這裡] zhe4li3 here 我們這裡一年種兩季稻子。 Wǒmen zhèlǐ yī nián zhòng liǎng jì dàozi. We grow two crops of rice a year here. 里面[裡面] li3mian4 inside; interior 宿舍裡面清潔豁亮。 Sùshè lǐmiàn qīngjié huòliàng. It's clean and bright inside the dormitory. 相反[相反] xiang1fan3 1 contrary; opposite 我的意思跟你正相反。 Wǒ de yìsi gēn nǐ zhèng xiāngfǎn. My opinion is contrary to yours (or is just the opposite of yours). 結果與我們的願望恰好相反。 Jiéguǒ yǔ wǒmen de yuànwàng qiàhǎo xiāngfǎn. The result turned out contrary to our expectations. 他們朝著相反的方向開走了。 Tāmen cháozhe xiāngfǎn de fāngxiàng kāi zǒu le. They drove off in opposite directions. 他跟他弟弟對政治持相反的觀點。 Tā gēn tā dìdi duì zhèngzhì chí xiāngfǎn de guāndiǎn. He and his brother had contrary points of view on politics. 2 adverb on the contrary 他一點兒也不吝嗇, 相反, 沒有比他更大方的了。 Tā yīdiǎnr yě bù lìnsè, xiāngfǎn, méiyǒu bǐ tā gèng dàfang de le. He is not stingy; on the contrary, no one could be more generous. 他們根本不是好朋友, 相反, 是死對頭。 Tāmen gēnběn bù shì hǎo péngyou, xiāngfǎn, shì sǐduìtou. Far from being best friends, they are bitter enemies. 外面[外面] wai4mian5 outside; out 把椅子搬到外面去 Bǎ yǐzi bān dào wàimian qù take the chair out 今天我們要在外面吃飯。 Jīntiān wǒmen yào zài wàimian chīfàn. We'll eat (or dine) out today. 由于[由於] you2yu2 (prep.) because of, as a result of, due to•由于电脑采用了新的系统,速度比以前快多了。 藉着[藉著] jie4zhe5 1 by means of 2 through 跟[跟] gen1 (conj.) and•我跟你•爸爸跟妈妈•谁跟谁? 和[和] he2 (conj.) and•哥哥和我•老师和我•王先生和王太太 一起[一起] yi1qi3 (adv.) together•我们一起学习中文。•我和他一起吃午饭。 里[里] li3 1 neighbourhood ▶ 鄰里 línlǐ 2 native place ▶ 故里 gùlǐ 3 (Lǐ) a surname measure word li, currently called 市里 shìlǐ, a traditional unit of length See also 市里 shìlǐ 沿着[沿著] yan2zhe5 1 to go along 2 to follow 周围[周圍] zhou1wei2 (n.) around; in the vicinity of围: surround•这个房子的周围环境不太好,所以没人买。•我家房子周围有很多树。•我周围的人对我都很好。 以前[以前] yi3qian2 (n.) before•下课以前•去你家以前•我工作以前是学生。 被[被] bei4 (au.) passive voice marker 除了之外[除了之外] chu2le5zhi1wai4 except 从[從] cong2 1 follow; comply with; obey 從俗 cóngsú follow the general custom; conform to custom 2 join; be engaged in ▶ 從軍 cóngjūn 3 in a certain manner; according to a certain principle 從寬處理 cóngkuān chǔlǐ handle leniently; treat with leniency 從輕發落 cóngqīngfāluò deal with an offender leniently 從嚴治黨 cóngyán zhì dǎng be strict with Party members 訓練要從嚴從難。 Xùnliàn yào cóngyán cóng nán. Training should be hard and strict. 4 follower; attendant ▶ 隨從 suícóng 5 secondary; accessary ▶ 主從 zhǔcóng , 從犯 cóngfàn 6 relationship between cousins, etc. of the same paternal grandfather or great-grandfather 從兄弟 cóng xiōng-dì cousins on the paternal side; cousins 1 preposition from (a time, a place, or a point of view) 從上海到北京 cóng Shànghǎi dào Běijīng from Shanghai to Beijing 從現在起 cóng xiànzài qǐ from now on 從這兒往西 cóng zhèr wǎng xī go west from here; west of here 從全局出發 cóng quánjú chūfā proceed from the situation as a whole 從根本上說 cóng gēnběn shàng shuō essentially; in essence 2 preposition via, through, or past (a place) 從門縫裡往外看 cóng ménfèng lǐ wǎng wài kàn peep outside through a crevice in the door 你從橋上過, 我從橋下走。 Nǐ cóng qiáo shàng guò, wǒ cóng qiáo xià zǒu. You go over the bridge, I'll go under it. 從學校門前經過 Cóng xuéxiào mén qián jīngguò pass the school gate 3 adverb (followed by a negative) ever 從沒聽說過。 Cóng méi tīngshuō guò. Never heard of it. 她在成績面前從不驕傲。 Tā zài chéngjì miànqián cóngbù jiāo'ào. Her head was never turned by success. 從不計較個人的名譽地位 Cóngbù jìjiào gèrén de míngyù dìwèi never give any consideration to personal fame or position 代替[代替] dai4ti4 replace; substitute for; take the place of 用國產品代替進口貨 Yòng guóchǎn pǐn dàitì jìnkǒuhuò substitute homemade products for imported goods 有些外科手術可用針麻代替藥麻。 Yǒuxiē wàikē shǒushù kěyòng zhēn má dàitì yào má. In some surgical operations, acupuncture anaesthesia may be used instead of medicinal anaesthetics. 社會主義制度終究要代替資本主義制度。 Shèhuìzhǔyì zhìdù zhōngjiū yào dàitì zīběnzhǔyì zhìdù. The socialist system will eventually replace the capitalist system. 你要是自己不能去, 可以找個人來代替。 Nǐ yào shì zìjǐ bù néng qù, kěyǐ zhǎo ge rén lái dàitì. If you cannot go yourself, try to find someone to substitute for you. 关掉[關掉] guan1diao4 1 to switch off 2 to shut off 开[開] kai1 (v.) open•开门•开电视•开帐户 离开[離開] li2kai1 (v.) leave, depart•你是什么时候离开学校的?•她的男朋友离开她了。 自从[自從] zi4cong2 (prep.) since•自从他来后,办公室就变得干净多了。•自从上个月到现在,他天天六点钟上班。 那里[那裡] na4li5 (pr.) there•那里人口不多。•那里有什么?•王老师不在那里。 哪一个[哪一個] na3yi1ge5 which 没有[沒有] mei2you3 (v.) do not have•我没有弟弟。•这儿没有姓王的老师。•没有工作 也[也] ye3 (adv.) also•我也很好。•他也姓王。•我也是学生。 除了…以外[除了…以外] chu2le5…yi3wai4 (ph.) in addition to; except•除了这些以外•除了小王以外•除了不吃肉以外 因为[因為] yin1wei4 (conj.) because•因为我没有时间,今天不能来看你了。 但是[但是] dan4shi4 conjunction but; yet; still; nevertheless 一個宏大但是不切實際的計劃 Yī ge hóngdà dàn shì bùqièshíjì de jìhuà a grandiose but impracticable plan 他雖然很能幹, 但是這個問題太難, 他也不好解決。 Tā suīrán hěn néng gàn, dànshì zhège wèntí tài nán, tā yě bù hǎo jiějué. He's an able man, but the problem is too hard for him. 我原以為我能去, 但是去不了啦。 Wǒ yuán yǐwéi wǒ néng qù, dànshì qùbuliǎo la. I thought I could go, but I can't. 儘管他相當和靄可親, 但是我不喜歡他。 Jǐnguǎn tā xiāngdāng hé ǎi kěqīn, dànshì wǒ bù xǐhuan tā. He's pleasant enough, yet I don't like him. 我不能聽從你, 但是我感謝你說了這番話。 Wǒ bù néng tīng cóng nǐ, dànshì wǒ gǎnxiè nǐ shuō le zhè fān huà. I can't follow your advice. Nevertheless, thank you for giving it. 他[他] ta1 (pr.) he, him•他是我们的老师。•他姓张。•他是学生。 她[她] ta1 (pr.) she, her•她是学生。•她是王晓洁。•她叫王美华。 它[它] ta1 (pro.) it 我们[我們] wo3men5 (pr.) we, us•我们的老师•我们是学生。•我们是中国人。 你们[你們] ni3men5 (pr.) you•你们好!•你们是学生吗?•你们早! 我[我] wo3 (pr.) I, me•我叫高大卫。•我的名字•我是学生。 代名词[代名詞] dai4ming2ci2 1 same as 代詞 dàicí 2 synonym 諸葛亮在民間傳說中成了智慧的代名詞。 Zhūgě Liàng zài mínjiān chuánshuō zhōng chéng le zhìhuì de dàimíngcí. Zhuge Liang is a synonym for wisdom in folklore. 他们[他們] ta1men5 1 they or them (referring to people) 他們剛來, 你找他們去。 Tāmen gāng lái, nǐ zhǎo tāmen qù. They've just come. You may go and see them now. 他們倆(仨) tāmenliǎ(sā) the two (three) of them 他們三位科學家都是國際知名的。 Tāmen sān wèi kēxuéjiā dōu shì guójì zhīmíng de. The three scientists are well-known throughout the world. 他們的貓(意圖) Tāmen de māo (yìtú) their cat (intentions) 他們家有一架鋼琴。 Tāmen jiā yǒu yī jià gāngqín. They have a piano in their home. 2 (used before or after a noun or nouns for emphasis) 他們弟兄都是鉗工。 Tāmen dìxiong dōu shì qiángōng. The two brothers are fitters. 他們湖南人喜歡吃辣的。 Tāmen Húnán rén xǐhuan chī là de. These Hunanese are fond of hot food. 趙先生、錢先生他們都下班走了。 Zhào xiānsheng, qián xiānsheng tāmen dōu xiàbān zǒu le. Both Mr. Zhao and Mr. Qian have left the office for the day. 3 (used after the name or title of a person to mean “and the others”) 隊長他們都在體育館裡練球。 Duìzhǎng tāmen dōu zài tǐyùguǎn lǐ liàn qiú. The captain and his team (or men) are in the gym practising. 它们[它們] ta1men5 they or them (plural of 它) 猿、猴子、猩猩雖然是高等動物, 但它們都不會製造工具。 Yuán, hóuzi, xīngxing suīrán shì gāo děng dòngwù, dàn tāmen dōu bù huì zhìzào gōngjù. Apes, monkeys and orangutans are higher animals, but they can't make tools. 她们[她們] ta1men5 (used when the referent is feminine) they or them 她們都是女子排球隊隊員。 Tāmen dōu shì nǚzǐ páiqiúduì duìyuán. All of them are members of the women's volleyball team. 你[你] ni3 (pr.) you•你好!•你叫什么名字?•你是学生吗? 一[一] yi1 (nu.) one 个[個] ge4 (m.) general measure word•一个班•三个学生•几个孩子 都[都] dou1 (adv.) all•我们都是日本人。•我们都姓王。•他们都很好。 两[兩] liang3 (nu.) two•两个孩子•两位军人 一打[一打] yi1da2 dozen 每一个[每一個] mei3yi1ge5 every 几个[幾個] ji3ge5 1 a few 2 several 3 how many 许多[許多] xu3duo1 (nu.) many•许多人•许多学生和老师•许多钱 一些[一些] yi1xie1 (nu.) some•一些书•一些照片•一些老师和学生 一对[一對] yi1dui4 1 couple 2 pair 每个[每個] mei3ge5 each 少数[少數] shao3shu4 a small number; few; minority 少數人 Shǎoshùrén a small number of people; a few people; the minority 他們是少數。 Tāmen shì shǎoshù. They are in the minority. 少數服從多數。 Shǎoshù fúcóng duōshù. The minority is subordinate to the majority. 一半[一半] yi1ban4 one half; half; in part 一半以上 Yībàn yǐshàng more than half 歉收一半由於乾旱, 一半由於蟲災。 Qiànshōu yībàn yóuyú gānhàn, yībàn yóuyú chóngzāi. The crop failure was due in part to drought and in part to insect pests. 把菜籽平分一下, 給他們一半兒, 咱們留一半兒。 Bǎ cài zǐ píngfēn yīxià, gěi tāmen yī bànr, zánmen liú yī bànr. Let's share the vegetable seeds with them, share and share alike. 最多[最多] zui4duo1 most; at (the) most; maximum 哪個學生看的書最多? Nǎge xuésheng kàn de shū zuì duō? Which of the students has read the most books? 屋裡最多不過十個人。 Wū lǐ zuì duō bù guò shí ge rén. There were at most ten people in the room. 這個禮堂最多能容納一千人。 Zhège lǐtáng zuì duō néng róngnà yīqiān rén. This hall can hold a maximum of one thousand people. 這所學校學生最多的時候有三千人。 Zhè suǒ xuéxiào xuésheng zuì duō de shíhou yǒu sānqiān rén. The school's enrolment at its height reached 3,000. 我最多只能等半個小時。 Wǒ zuì duō zhǐ néng děng bàn ge xiǎoshí. I can wait half an hour at the longest. 只有[只有] zhi3you3 1 conjunction only; alone 只有依靠群眾, 才能做好工作。 Zhǐyǒu yīkào qúnzhòng, cái néng zuò hǎo gōngzuò. Only by relying on the masses can you do your work well. 只有他知道這事的內情。 Zhǐyǒu tā zhīdao zhè shì de nèiqíng. He alone knows the inside story. 只有在緊急情況下, 才能動用這筆款項。 Zhǐyǒu zài jǐnjí qíngkuàng xià, cái néng dòngyòng zhè bǐ kuǎnxiàng. We can draw on the fund only in an emergency. 要上山, 只有這一條路。 Yào shàngshān, zhǐ yǒu zhè yī tiáo lù. This is the only path up the mountain. 2 adverb have to; be forced to 如果下大雨, 比賽只有延期。 Rúguǒ xià dàyǔ, bǐsài zhǐyǒu yánqī. If it rains hard we have to put off the match. 你只有採取這個辦法了。 Nǐ zhǐ yǒu cǎiqǔ zhège bànfǎ le. This is the only way open to you. 多长[多長] duo1chang2 (n.) how long•这部中文电影有多长?•你每天锻炼多长时间? 多少[多少] duo1shao5 1 how many; how much 這一班有多少學生? Zhè yī bān yǒu duōshao xuésheng? How many pupils are there in this class? 這藥我每次吃多少? Zhè yào wǒ měi cì chī duōshao? How much of the medicine do I take each time? 這裡的糧食畝產量是多少? Zhèlǐ de liángshi mǔchǎnliàng shì duōshao? What is the per mu yield of grain here? 2 (expressing an unspecified amount or number) 我跟你說過不知多少次了。 Wǒ gēn nǐ shuō guò bù zhī duōshao cì le. I've told you I don't know how many times. 我知道多少說多少。 Wǒ zhīdao duōshao shuō duōshao. I'll tell all I know. 不論有多少困難, 都不能阻止我們前進。 Bùlùn yǒu duōshao kùnnan, dōu bù néng zǔzhǐ wǒmen qiánjìn. No matter what the difficulties, nothing can stop our advance. 什么[什麼] shen2me5 (pr.) what•什么名字•这是什么?•那是什么? 哪里[哪裡] na3li5 (pro.) (polite expression) it’s nothing.•你的中文真好。 哪里哪里,我的发音还不太好。 谁[誰] shui2, 1 who 他是誰? Tā shì shuí? Who is he? 他在跟誰說話? Tā zài gēn shuí shuōhuà? Who is he talking to? 這是誰的意見? Zhè shì shuí de yìjian? Whose idea is this? 2 (used in rhetorical questions) who 誰不說他好? Shuí bù shuō tā hǎo? Who wouldn't speak well of him? 3 someone; anyone 有誰能幫助我就好了。 Yǒu shuí néng bāngzhù wǒ jiù hǎo le. If only someone would help me! 我沒跟誰說話。 Wǒ méi gēn shuí shuōhuà. I didn't talk to anyone. 你要找誰嗎? Nǐ yào zhǎo shuí ma? Are you looking for someone? 4 (used before 都 or 也) everyone; anyone 誰都喜歡他。 Shuí dōu xǐhuan tā. Everybody likes him. 誰也不要。 Shuí yě bùyào. Nobody wants it. 5 (repeated in two phrases) whoever 誰先到, 誰先吃。 Shuí xiān dào, shuí xiān chī. Whoever arrives first will eat first. 大家看誰合適就選誰。 Dàjiā kàn shuí héshì jiù xuǎn shuí. You may elect whoever you think is suitable. 6 (used both before and after a verb, indicating that one person does sth. to another) 誰先到誰等著。 Shuí xiān dào shuí děngzhe. Whoever arrives first should wait for the other. 他們倆誰也說不服誰。 Tāmen liǎ shuí yě shuō bù fú shuí. Neither of them could convince the other. 谁[誰] shei2 a variant pronunciation for 誰 shuí 多久[多久] duo1jiu3 (n.) how long (time)•你学中文学了多久了?•李老师来美国多久了? 如何[如何] ru2he2 (pro.) how to(怎么)•如何上网求职•如何学好中文•《叫我如何不想她》这首歌 什么时候[什麼時候] shen2me5 shi2hou5 at what time; when 为什么[為什麼] wei4shen2me5 (pr.) why•你为什么喜欢夏天?•你为什么想去北京? 下[下] xia4 (v.) descend; get off•请您下来。•下班•我不想下去。 窄[窄] zhai3 (adj.) narrow; cramped•窄胡同•过道很窄•这条马路太窄。 粗糙[粗糙] cu1cao1 1 coarse; rough 皮膚粗糙 pífū cūcāo rough skin 2 crude 手工粗糙 shǒugōng cūcāo crudely made; of poor workmanship 锋利[鋒利] feng1li4 1 sharp; keen 鋒利的鋼刀 fēnglì de gāngdāo a sharp knife 2 incisive; sharp; poignant 鋒利潑辣的筆調 fēnglì pōla de bǐdiào a sharp and pungent style 光滑[光滑] guang1hua2 (adj.) smooth 可怕[可怕] ke3pa4 fearful; frightful; terrible; terrifying 做了一個可怕的夢 Zuò le yī ge kěpà de mèng had a terrible dream 真可怕!他自殺了! Zhēn kěpà! Tā zìshā le! How dreadful! He committed suicide. 困難再大也沒什麼可怕的。 Kùnnan zài dà yě méi shénme kěpà de. However great the difficulties, there's nothing to be afraid of. 很[很] hen3 (adv.) very; very much•我很好。•他也很好。 大声[大聲] da4sheng1 (n.) loud voice 真的[真的] zhen1de5 real 圆[圓] yuan2 1 round; circular; spherical 圓孔 yuánkǒng a round hole 圓銼 yuáncuò round file 月圓了。 Yuè yuán le. The moon is full. 2 mathematics circle 3 tactful; satisfactory 他這話說得不圓。 Tā zhè huà shuō de bù yuán. What he said was not very tactful. 4 make plausible; justify ▶ 圓謊 yuánhuǎng 5 yuan, the monetary unit of China, equal to 10 jiao or 100 fen 6 a coin of fixed value and weight ▶ 銀圓 yínyuán 慢[慢] man4 1 slow 反應慢 fǎnyìng màn be slow to react 他看書看得慢。 Tā kàn shū kàn de màn. He reads slowly. 他跑得慢。 Tā pǎo de màn. He's a slow runner. 病人恢復得很慢。 Bìngrén huīfù de hěn màn. The patient is making a slow recovery. 火車慢慢地駛進了車站。 Huǒchē mànmàn de shǐ jìn le chēzhàn. Slowly the train pulled into the station. 公共汽車到站時慢了下來。 Gōnggòng qìchē dào zhàn shí màn le xiàlai. The bus slowed down as it approached the stop. 我的表慢五分鐘。 Wǒ de biǎo màn wǔ fēnzhōng. My watch is five minutes slow. 這鐘一天慢十秒。 Zhè zhōng yī tiān màn shí miǎo. This clock loses 10 seconds a day. 他慢慢會想通的。 Tā mànmàn huì xiǎng tōng de. He'll come round by and by. 慢行 mànxíng Drive Slow (highway sign) 2 (used in imperative sentences, alone or before verbs) 我這就給她打電話去。——慢!等票子拿到了再打。 Wǒ zhè jiù gěi tā dǎ diànhuà qù. —— Màn! Děng piàozi ná dào le zài dǎ. I'm going to ring her right away.--Just a moment! Not until we get the tickets. 你慢點兒吃。 Nǐ màn diǎnr chī. Don't rush through your meal. 慢慢來, 別著急。 Mànmàn lái, bié zháojí. Take your time and don't worry. 這事慢點兒告訴他, 等兩天再說。 Zhè shì màn diǎnr gàosu tā, děng liǎng tiān zàishuō. Don't tell him the news just now; wait a couple of days. supercilious; rude ▶ 傲慢 àomàn 软[軟] ruan3 1 soft; flexible; supple; pliable 軟椅 ruǎn yǐ a soft chair 柳條很軟。 Liǔtiáo hěn ruǎn. Willow twigs are pliable. 2 soft; mild; gentle 你對他軟了些。 Nǐ duì tā ruǎn le xiē. You've been a bit soft with him. 他話說得太軟了。 Tā huà shuō de tài ruǎn le. He spoke too mildly. 她看兒子哭了, 心軟了下來。 Tā kàn érzi kū le, xīnruǎn le xiàlai. When she saw her son cry, her heart softened 3 weak; feeble 他兩腿發軟。 Tā liǎng tuǐ fā ruǎn. His legs felt weak (or like jelly). 最近以來, 爺爺的身子骨兒越來越感到軟了。 Zuìjìn yǐlái, yéye de shēnzigǔr yuèláiyuè gǎndào ruǎn le. Grandfather has been getting feebler lately. 4 poor in quality, ability, etc. 貨色軟 Huòsè ruǎn poor-quality goods 工夫軟 gōngfu ruǎn inadequate skill 5 easily moved or influenced 他心腸軟。 Tā xīncháng ruǎn. He is tender-hearted. 上[上] shang4 (v.) go up; get on•上楼去•上车•上床睡觉 湿[濕] shi1 wet; damp; humid 小心點,別濕了衣裳。 Xiǎoxīn diǎn, bié shī le yīshang. Be careful! Don't get your clothes wet. 別穿那雙襪子,還濕著呢。 Bié chuān nà shuāng wàzi, hái shī zhe ne. Don't wear those socks, they're still damp. 反正[反正] fan3zheng5 adverb 1 (often used correlatively with 不管, 無論, etc.) in any case; at any rate; anyway 不管怎麼樣, 反正工作不能停。 Bùguǎn zěnmeyàng, fǎnzheng gōngzuò bù néng tíng. Come what may, the work must go on. 無論你怎麼說, 反正我不答應。 Wúlùn nǐ zěnme shuō, fǎnzheng wǒ bù dāying. No matter what you say, I won't agree. 老王來不來還沒決定, 反正小張一定來。 Lǎo wáng lái bù lái hái méi juédìng, fǎnzheng xiǎo zhāng yīdìng lái. Lao Wang hasn't made up his mind whether to come or not; anyway Xiao Zhang is coming. 2 since; as 反正得去一個人, 就讓我去吧! Fǎnzheng de qù yī ge rén, jiù ràng wǒ qù ba! Since someone has to go anyway, let me go. 反正你不是外人, 我也就不客氣了。 Fǎnzheng nǐ bù shì wài rén, wǒ yě jiù bù kèqi le. Since you're my friend, I won't stand on ceremony. 反正路不遠, 咱們就走著去吧! Fǎnzheng lù bù yuǎn, zánmen jiù zǒuzhe qù ba! As it's not far, we might as well go on foot. 除此之外[除此之外] chu2ci3zhi1wai4 1 apart from this 2 in addition to this // Gospel/Other Useful Vocab for Missionaries/Religion 无神论者[無神論者] wu2shen2lun4zhe3 atheist 佛教徒[佛教徒] Fo2jiao4tu2 Buddhist 基督徒[基督徒] Ji1du1tu2 Christian 伊斯兰教[伊斯蘭教] Yi1si1lan2jiao4 (n.) Islam, Islamism, Muslim 伊斯兰教徒[伊斯蘭教徒] Yi1si1lan2jiao4tu2 Moslem 新教徒[新教徒] Xin1jiao4tu2 Protestant 浸信会[浸信會] jin4xin4hui4 Baptists 成员[成員] cheng2yuan2 (n.) member•特种反恐部队成员•北约成员国•重要成员 天主教徒[天主教徒] Tian1zhu3jiao4tu2 1 Catholic 2 follower of Catholicism 印度教[印度教] Yin4du4jiao4 Hinduism 耶和华见证人[耶和華見證人] Ye1he2hua2 Jian4zheng4ren2 Jehovah's Witnesses 路德教会[路德教會] lu4de2jiao1hui4 Lutheran 摩尔门(教)[摩爾門(教)] Mo2er3men2(jiao4) Mormon (Church) 长老教会员[長老教會員] zhang3lao3jiao1hui4yuan2 Presbyterian 墓地[墓地] mu4di4 (n.) cemetery•天价墓地•投资墓地•墓地风水 证实[證實] zheng4shi2 (v.) confirm, verify, bear out(证明其确实)•官方证实•证实存在蠕虫病毒•证实扣留了两名美国女记者 婚姻[婚姻] hun1yin1 (n.) matrimony, marriage, wedlock•婚姻法•婚姻自主•美满的婚姻 按立[按立] an4li4 ordination, to ordain 印证[印證] yin4zheng4 confirm; corroborate; verify 有待印證 Yǒudài yìnzhèng yet to be confirmed 主日学[主日學] zhu3ri4xue2 Sunday School 埋葬[埋葬] mai2zang4 bury (a dead person) 這裡埋葬著一位偉人。 Zhèlǐ máizàng zhe yī wèi wěirén. A great man is buried here. or Here lies a great man. 大会[大會] da4hui4 1 plenary session; general membership meeting 黨支部大會 dǎngzhībù dàhuì a general membership meeting of a Party branch 2 mass meeting; mass rally 慶祝大會 qìngzhù dàhuì a celebration meeting 葬礼[葬禮] zang4li3 funeral (or burial) rites; funeral 会议[會議] hui4yi4 (n.) meeting; conference•治理环境污染工作会议•年度会议•联合国安理会紧急会议 圣职[聖職] sheng4zhi2 priesthood 圣餐[聖餐] sheng4can1 Christianity the Lord's Supper; the Holy Communion; Eucharist 第二次来临[第二次來臨] Di4-er4 ci4 Lai2lin2 Second Coming 交流活动[交流活動] jiao1liu2 huo2dong4 exchange activity 婚礼[婚禮] hun1li3 (n.) wedding•他们的婚礼在教堂举行。•婚礼请帖•婚礼宴会 主教[主教] zhu3jiao4 bishop 牧师[牧師] mu4shi1 1 chaplain 2 churchman 3 clergyman 4 parson 5 pastor 6 priest 7 rector 拉比[拉比] la1bi3 rabbi (loanword) 罗马教皇[羅馬教皇] luo2ma3jiao1huang2 Pope 改革者[改革者] gai3ge2zhe3 reformer 亚伦[亞倫] Ya4lun2 1 Aaron (name) 2 Yaren, capital of Nauru 亚当[亞當] Ya4dang1 Adam (the first man according to the Bible) 佛[佛] fo2 1 Buddha (short for 佛陀 Fótuó) 2 Buddhism 信佛 Xìn Fó believe in Buddhism 3 an image of Buddha; Buddha 一尊銅佛 yī zūn tóng Fó a bronze statue of Buddha 大殿上塑著三尊佛。 Dàdiàn shàng sù zhe sān zūn Fó. There are three Buddhas in the main hall of the temple. See 佛fú 夏娃[夏娃] Xia4wa2 Eve (the first woman according to the Bible) 雅各[雅各] Ya3ge4 1 Jacob (name) 2 James (name) 约伯[約伯] Yue1bo2 1 Job (name) 2 Book of Job in the Old Testament 挪亚[挪亞] Nuo2ya4 Noah 尼腓[尼腓] ni2fei2 Nephi 摩西[摩西] Mo2xi1 Moses 摩尔门[摩爾門] Mo2er3men2 Mormon (religion) 保罗[保羅] Bao3luo2 Paul 路加[路加] Lu4jia1 1 Luke 2 St Luke the evangelist 玛丽亚[瑪麗亞] Ma3li4ya4 Maria (name) 马克[馬克] ma3ke4 1 mark (German monetary unit) 2 markka 亚伯拉罕[亞伯拉罕] Ya4bo2la1han3 1 Abraham (name) 2 Abraham, father of Judaism and Islam in the Bible and Quran 3 same as Ibrahim 易卜拉辛 阿尔马[阿爾馬] a1er3ma3 Alma 孔子[孔子] Kong3zi3 (n.) Confucius 耶稣基督[耶穌基督] Ye1su1 Ji1du1 Jesus; Jesus Christ 约翰[約翰] Yue1han4 1 John (name) 2 Johan (name) 3 Johann (name) 施洗约翰[施洗約翰] Shi1xi3 Yue1han4 John the Baptist 约瑟斯密[約瑟斯密] Yue1se4 Si1mi4 Joseph Smith 玛拉基[瑪拉基] ma3la1ji1 Malachi 马丁・路德[馬丁・路德] Ma3ding1 Lu4de2 Martin Luther (1483-1546), key figure of the Protestant Reformation 马太[馬太] Ma3tai4 Matthew (name) 穆罕默德[穆罕默德] Mu4han3mo4de2 Islam Mohammed (c. 570-632), founder of Islam 彼拉多[彼拉多] Bi3la1duo1 Pilate (Pontius Pilate in the Biblical passion story) 伯利恒[伯利恆] Bo2li4heng2 (n.) Bethlehem 伊甸园[伊甸園] yi1dian4yuan2 Christianity the Garden of Eden; paradise 以色列[以色列] Yi3se4lie4 (n.) Israel 圣殿[聖殿] sheng4dian4 temple 教堂[教堂] jiao4tang2 (n.) church, temple, cathedral•圣彼得大教堂•教堂的建筑风格•各具特色的教堂 客西马尼[客西馬尼] ke4xi1ma3ni2 Gethsemane 耶路撒冷[耶路撒冷] Ye1lu4sa1leng3 (n.) Jerusalem 堕胎[墮胎] duo4tai1 1 induced abortion 2 have an (induced) abortion 愿意[願意] yuan4yi4 (v.) be willing; wish•愿意帮忙•他愿意为老人们做事。 贞洁[貞潔] zhen1jie2 chaste and undefiled 伊诺克[伊諾克] Yi1nuo4ke4 Enock 兄弟[兄弟] xiong1di4 1 brothers 兄弟二人都還沒結婚。 Xiōng-dì èr rén dōu hái méi jiéhūn. Neither of the two brothers is married. 我們兄弟三人都是新聞工作者。 Wǒmen xiōng-dì sān rén dōu shì xīnwén gōngzuòzhě. We three brothers are all journalists. 階級兄弟 Jiējí xiōng-dì class brothers 2 fraternal; brotherly 兄弟情誼 xiōng-dì qíngyì fraternal affection 兄弟般的團結 xiōng-dì bān de tuánjié fraternal solidarity; brotherly unity 兄弟單位 xiōng-dì dānwèi fraternal units (i.e. units having common purposes, interests, etc.) 同伴[同伴] tong2ban4 companion 家人家庭晚会[家人家庭晚會] jia1ren2 jia1ting2 wan3hui5 family home evening 洗礼会[洗禮會] xi3li3 hui4 baptismal meeting 炉边聚会[爐邊聚會] lu2bian1 ju4hui4 fireside 慈助会[慈助會] Ci2zhu4hui4 Relief Society 按手选派[按手選派] an4shou3 xuan3pai4 setting apart 执事[執事] zhi2shi4 deacon 助理[助理] zhu4li3 (n.) assistant 弟兄[弟兄] di4xiong5 brothers 親弟兄 qīn dìxiong blood brothers 階級弟兄 jiējí dìxiong class brothers 他就弟兄一個。 Tā jiù dìxiong yī ge. He is the only son of the family. 长老[長老] zhang3lao3 1 formal elder 2 (a respectful term of address for an old monk) elder 慕道友[慕道友] mu4dao4you3 religious investigator 教长[教長] jiao4zhang3 religion imam; dean 坎特伯雷教長 kǎn tè bó léi jiào zhǎng Dean of Canterbury 姐妹[姐妹] jie3mei4 1 sisters 她沒有姐妹, 只有一個哥哥。 Tā méiyǒu jiěmèi, zhǐ yǒu yī ge gēge. She has a brother but no sisters. 她們姐妹倆都是先進生產者。 Tāmen jiěmèi liǎ dōu shì xiānjìn shēngchǎnzhě. Both sisters are advanced workers. 2 brothers and sisters 你們姐妹幾個? Nǐmen jiěmèi jǐ ge? How many brothers and sisters are there in your family? 相信[相信] xiang1xin4 (v.) believe in; be convinced of信: believe; trust•相信真理•很难相信•我很相信他。 活动[活動] huo2dong4 (n.) activity•课外活动•我们有很多课堂活动。 诫命[誡命] jie4ming4 commandment 彼得[彼得] Bi3de2 Peter (name) 秘书[秘書] mi4shu1 (n.) secretary•秘书不一定都是女的。•经理的秘书•办公室秘书 圣约[聖約] sheng4yue1 covenant 罪行[罪行] zui4xing2 crime; guilt; offence 他的罪行較輕。 Tā de zuìxíng jiào qīng. His offence is a minor one. 父亲[父親] fu4qin1 (n.) father 过错[過錯] guo4cuo4 (n.) fault(过失,错误)•为过错负责任•宽恕小过错,寻求大优点•是我的过错吗? 遵守[遵守] zun1shou3 (v.) observe, comply守: observe; abide by•遵守纪律•遵守法律•遵守时间 过去[過去] guo4 qu5 go over; pass by 立约[立約] li4yue1 conclude a treaty; draw up an agreement (or a contract) 忠诚[忠誠] zhong1cheng2 (adj.) faithful, loyal, true 合法[合法] he2fa3 (adj.) legal, lawful 服从[服從] fu2cong2 (v.) obey, submit (oneself) to 缓刑[緩刑] huan3xing2 legal temporary suspension of the execution of a sentence; reprieve; probation 緩刑二年 Huǎnxíng èr nián two years' probation 准备[準備] zhun3bei4 (v.) prepare•准备餐具•准备好了吗?•你准备一下吧。 承诺[承諾] cheng2nuo4 (v.) promise to undertake 参与[參與] can1yu3 (v.) participate in; have a hand in•参与维护亚太地区和平•积极参与课外活动•参与国际经济合作 受洗[受洗] shou4xi3 Christianity be baptized; receive baptism 关系[關係] guan1xi5 (n.) relation; relationship•良好的关系•两国之间的关系•你和她是上下级的关系。 安息日[安息日] an1xi1ri4 Sabbath (day) 救主[救主] jiu4zhu3 savior 严重[嚴重] yan2zhong4 (adv.) serious; critical•病情严重•得了很严重的病•那儿的情况很严重。 性[性] xing4 (n.) sex; gender•女性•男性•不同性别 犯罪[犯罪] fan4zui4 (v.) commit a crime 承受[承受] cheng2shou4 (v.) bear(接受,禁受)•承受痛苦•承受压力•心理承受能力 努力[努力] nu3li4 (adj.) make great efforts; hard•努力学习•努力工作•同学们学习都很努力。 智慧语[智慧語] zhi4hui4yu3 Word of Wisdom 同性恋[同性戀] tong2xing4lian4 homosexuality 他搞同性戀愛。 Tā gǎo tóngxìngliàn ài. He's homosexual. 福音[福音] fu2yin1 (n.) gospel; good news•福音故事•眼病患者的福音•带来福音 了解[了解] liao3jie3 (v.) have knowledge about•你了解中国的汉字吗?•你对他很了解吗?•深刻的了解 什一奉献[什一奉獻] shi2yi1feng4xian4 tithing 儿子[兒子] er2zi5 (n.) son•我儿子九岁•他有三个儿子 罪[罪] zui4 (n.) crime 服务[服務] fu2wu4 (n.) service•百分之十的服务费•他们的服务不好。•你们有什么服务? 严肃[嚴肅] yan2su4 1 serious; solemn; earnest 嚴肅認真 yánsù rènzhēn serious and conscientious 嚴肅的氣氛 yánsù de qìfēn a solemn atmosphere 嚴肅的態度 yánsù de tàidu a serious attitude 他是個很嚴肅的人。 Tā shì ge hěn yánsù de rén. He is a serious (or serious-minded) man. 嚴肅地指出 Yánsù de zhǐchū point out in all earnestness 2 strictly enforce 嚴肅黨紀 yánsù dǎngjì enforce Party discipline 嚴肅法制 yánsù fǎzhì maintain the legal system 悔改[悔改] hui3gai3 repent and mend one's ways 毫無悔改之意 Háowú huǐgǎi zhī yì have no intention of mending one's ways; show no sign of repentance 表示願意悔改 biǎoshì yuànyi huǐgǎi show willingness to mend one's way 救赎主[救贖主] jiu4shu2zhu3 Redeemer 先知[先知] xian1zhi1 1 a person of foresight 2 religion prophet 假释[假釋] jia3shi4 legal release on parole (or on probation) 领受[領受] ling3shou4 accept (kindness, etc.); receive 她懷著激動的心情領受了同志們的慰問。 Tā huáizhe jīdòng de xīnqíng lǐngshòu le tóngzhì men de wèiwèn. She was deeply moved by her comrades' comforting words. 过着...的生活[過著...的生活] guo4zhe5 … de5 sheng1huo2 to live (a type) of life 教籍[教籍] jiao4ji2 church membership 教会[教會] jiao4hui4 (n.) (the Christian) church•教会法规•教会政府•教会团契 联系[聯繫] lian2xi4 (v.) contact, get in touch•联系工作•联系参观•跟某人联系•联系出国 以利亚[以利亞] Yi3li4ya4 Elijah (Old Testament prophet) 领袖[領袖] ling3xiu4 (n.) leader 地区[地區] di4qu1 (n.) district; area•贫困地区的学生•这个地区的气候最适合种葡萄。•本地区的学校的教学水平都不错。 归心者[歸心者] gui1xin1zhe3 religious convert 新[新] xin1 1 new; fresh; up-to-date 新技術 xīnjìshù new (or up-to-date) technique 新品種 xīn pǐnzhǒng a new variety 最新消息 zuìxīn xiāoxi the latest news 新社會 xīn shèhuì the new society 2 brand new; unused 新筆 xīn bǐ a new pen 新衣服 xīn yīfu new clothes 3 newly; freshly; recently 新建的工廠 xīnjiàn de gōngchǎng a newly built factory 新漆的門 xīn qī de mén a freshly painted door 他是新來的。 Tā shì xīn lái de. He's a new arrival. 這本書是我新買的。 Zhè běn shū shì wǒ xīn mǎi de. This is the book I've just bought. 4 recently married or just being married 新女婿 Xīn nǚxu a man newly married to one's daughter; daughter's bridegroom 新媳婦 xīnxífu a woman newly married to one's son; son's bride 5 (Xīn) short for 新疆維吾爾自治區 Xīnjiāng Wéiwú'ěr Zìzhìqū 6 (Xīn) the Xin Dynasty (8-23 A.D., between the Western Han and the Eastern Han) 传道部[傳道部] chuan2dao4bu4 mission 会长[會長] hui4zhang3 (n.) president of a committee, etc. 传教士[傳教士] chuan2jiao4shi4 missionary 先驱者[先驅者] xian1qu1zhe3 pioneer 圣林[聖林] sheng4lin2 Sacred Grove 中心[中心] zhong1xin1 (n.) center•购物中心•市中心•活动中心 访客[訪客] fang3ke4 1 visitor 2 caller 教师[教師] jiao4shi1 (n.) teacher•教师是一个很好的职业。•教师节•当教师 演讲[演講] yan3jiang3 (n.) lecture, speech 先见[先見] xian1jian4 1 foresight 2 prescience 以帖[以帖] yi3tie1 Ether 拉曼人[拉曼人] la1man4ren2 Lamanites 希拉曼[希拉曼] xi1la1man4 Helaman 以挪士[以挪士] yi3nuo2shi4 Enos 雅龙[雅龍] ya3long2 Jarom 伊诺斯[伊諾斯] Yi1nuo4si1 Enos 加尔文[加爾文] Jia1er3wen2 Calvin (1509-1564), French protestant reformer 加尔文宗[加爾文宗] jia1er3wen2zong1 Calvinism 加尔文主义[加爾文主義] jia1er3wen2zhu3yi4 Calvinism 威克利夫[威克利夫] wei1ke4li4fu1 Wycliffe 犹大[猶大] You2da4 Judas 背信者[背信者] bei4xin4zhe3 Iscariot 高级[高級] gao1ji2 1 senior; high-ranking; high-level; high 高級將領 gāojí jiànglǐng high-ranking general officers 高級官員 gāojí guānyuán high-ranking official 2 high-grade; high-quality; advanced 高級染料 gāojí rǎnliào high-grade dyestuff 高級墨水 gāojí mòshuǐ high-quality ink 高級讀本 gāojí dúběn advanced reader 這個旅館真高級! Zhège lǚguǎn zhēn gāojí! This hotel is really first-class. 探访[探訪] tan4fang3 1 seek by inquiry or search 探訪民間秘方 tànfǎng mínjiān mìfāng seek out secret medicinal recipes from among the people 2 pay a visit to; visit 探訪親友 tànfǎng qīnyǒu visit one's relatives and friends 己所不欲,勿施于人[己所不慾,勿施於人] ji3 suo3 bu4 yu4, wu4 shi1 yu2 ren2 do not impose on others what you yourself do not desire; do not unto others as you would not have them do unto you // Gospel/Other Useful Vocab for Missionaries/Home, Family, and People 亲戚[親戚] qin1qi1 (n.) relatives•亲戚朋友•一门亲戚•我们两家是亲戚。 姑妈[姑媽] gu1ma1 (n.) aunt (father’s sister)(父亲的姐妹) 舅妈[舅媽] jiu4ma1 informal wife of mother's brother; aunt 姨[姨] yi2 1 mother's sister; maternal aunt; aunt 2 wife's sister; sister-in-law ▶ 小姨子 xiǎoyízi 哥哥[哥哥] ge1ge5 (n.) elder brother•你哥哥•我有三个哥哥。•大哥 姐夫[姐夫] jie3fu5 elder sister's husband; brother-in-law 小舅子[小舅子] xiao3jiu4zi5 informal wife's younger brother; brother-in-law 兄弟姐妹[兄弟姐妹] xiong1di4jie3mei4 (n.) brothers and sisters; siblings•你有几个兄弟姐妹?•他有兄弟姐妹吗? 孩子[孩子] hai2zi5 (n.) child, children•您有几个孩子?•这是您的孩子吗?•他是个好孩子 堂哥[堂哥] tang2ge1 older male patrilineal cousin 堂弟[堂弟] tang2di4 younger male patrilineal cousin 表哥[表哥] biao3ge1 the son of one's father's sister or of one's mother's brother or sister, who is older than oneself; older male cousin; cousin 表弟[表弟] biao3di4 the son of one's father's sister or of one's mother's brother or sister, who is younger than oneself; younger male cousin; cousin 儿媳[兒媳] er2xi2 (n.) daughter-in-law(儿子的妻子) 家庭[家庭] jia1ting2 (n.) family•家庭成员•大家庭•军人家庭 公公[公公] gong1gong5 (n.) husband's father(丈夫的父亲)•不领情的公公•公公婆婆都是七十岁的人了。 女孩[女孩] nü3hai2 1 girl 2 lass 爷爷[爺爺] ye2ye5 (n.) grandfather (father’s father)(爸爸的父亲) 奶奶[奶奶] nai3nai5 (n.) grandmother (father’s mother)(爸爸的母亲) 祖父母[祖父母] zu3fu4mu3 paternal grandparents 曾孙[曾孫] zeng1sun1 great-grandson 曾孙女[曾孫女] zeng1sun1nü3 great-granddaughter 同父异母[同父異母] tong2fu4yi4mu3 1 (of siblings) having the same father but different mothers 2 half (brother or sister) 兄弟[兄弟] xiong1di4 1 brothers 兄弟二人都還沒結婚。 Xiōng-dì èr rén dōu hái méi jiéhūn. Neither of the two brothers is married. 我們兄弟三人都是新聞工作者。 Wǒmen xiōng-dì sān rén dōu shì xīnwén gōngzuòzhě. We three brothers are all journalists. 階級兄弟 Jiējí xiōng-dì class brothers 2 fraternal; brotherly 兄弟情誼 xiōng-dì qíngyì fraternal affection 兄弟般的團結 xiōng-dì bān de tuánjié fraternal solidarity; brotherly unity 兄弟單位 xiōng-dì dānwèi fraternal units (i.e. units having common purposes, interests, etc.) 姐妹[姐妹] jie3mei4 1 sisters 她沒有姐妹, 只有一個哥哥。 Tā méiyǒu jiěmèi, zhǐ yǒu yī ge gēge. She has a brother but no sisters. 她們姐妹倆都是先進生產者。 Tāmen jiěmèi liǎ dōu shì xiānjìn shēngchǎnzhě. Both sisters are advanced workers. 2 brothers and sisters 你們姐妹幾個? Nǐmen jiěmèi jǐ ge? How many brothers and sisters are there in your family? 丈夫[丈夫] zhang4fu1 man, husband ∼氣概 ∼ qìgài manliness 母亲[母親] mu3qin1 (n.) mother•我母亲•你母亲多大岁数了? 岳母[岳母] yue4mu3 wife's mother; mother-in-law 婶婶[嬸嬸] shen3shen5 dialect wife of father's younger brother; aunt 姑姑[姑姑] gu1gu5 informal father's sister; aunt 姨妈[姨媽] yi2ma1 informal (married) maternal aunt; aunt 婴儿[嬰兒] ying1’er2 (n.) infant; baby•婴儿和产妇身体都很好•婴儿用品•照顾婴儿 小叔子[小叔子] xiao3shu1zi5 (n.) husband’s younger brother(丈夫的弟弟)•你的小叔子怎么不和你婆婆一起过呢?•为让憨小叔子感受到母爱,她可是操碎了心。 大舅子[大舅子] da4jiu4zi5 informal wife's elder brother; brother-in-law 妹夫[妹夫] mei4fu5 younger sister's husband; brother-in-law 连襟[連襟] lian2jin1 husbands of sisters 他們是連襟。 Tāmen shì liánjīn. Their wives are sisters. or They are brothers-in-law. 堂姐[堂姐] tang2jie3 older female patrilineal cousin 堂妹[堂妹] tang2mei4 younger female patrilineal cousin 表姐[表姐] biao3jie3 the daughter of one's father's sister or of one's mother's brother or sister, who is older than oneself; older female cousin; cousin 表妹[表妹] biao3mei4 the daughter of one's father's sister or of one's mother's brother or sister, who is younger than oneself; younger female cousin; cousin 女儿[女兒] nü3'er2 (n.) daughter•我女儿十四岁。•他有一个女儿。•你女儿多大了? 大家庭[大家庭] da4jia1ting2 big family; community 李家是個大家庭, 有三代人。 Lǐ jiā shì ge dàjiātíng, yǒu sān dài rén. The Lis are a big family with three generations. 父亲[父親] fu4qin1 (n.) father 岳父[岳父] yue4fu4 wife's father; father-in-law 孙女[孫女] sun1nü3 son's daughter; granddaughter 外公[外公] wai4gong1 (n.) (maternal) grandfather(妈妈的父亲) 外婆[外婆] wai4po2 dialect (maternal) grandmother 孙子[孫子] sun1zi5 (n.) grandson (son’s son)(儿子的儿子) 曾祖[曾祖] zeng1zu3 (paternal) great-grandfather 曾祖父[曾祖父] zeng1zu3fu4 1 father's father's father 2 paternal great-grandfather 曾祖母[曾祖母] zeng1zu3mu3 (paternal) great-grandmother 同母异父[同母異父] tong2mu3yi4fu4 1 (of siblings) having the same mother but different fathers 2 half (brother or sister) 小家庭[小家庭] xiao3jia1ting2 a small family 建立小家庭 Jiànlì xiǎojiātíng get married and set up one's own home 婆婆[婆婆] po2po5 (n.) husband’s mother; mother-in law•我婆婆是南方人。•我婆婆已经八十岁了。 侄子[侄子] zhi2zi5 brother's son; nephew 外甥[外甥] wai4sheng5 1 sister's son; nephew 2 dialect daughter's son; grandson 外甥女[外甥女] wai4sheng5nü3 1 sister's daughter; niece 2 dialect daughter's daughter; granddaughter 外甥女婿[外甥女婿] wai4sheng5nü3xu5 sister's daughter's husband 姐姐[姐姐] jie3jie5 (n.) elder sister•我姐姐•他有两个姐姐。•你有几个姐姐? 大姑[大姑] da4gu1 1 father's oldest sister 2 husband's older sister 3 sister-in-law 嫂嫂[嫂嫂] sao3sao5 dialect 1 elder brother's wife; sister-in-law 2 (a form of address for a married woman about one's own age) sister 王家嫂嫂 Wáng jiā sǎosao Sister Wang 弟媳[弟媳] di4xi2 1 younger brother's wife 2 sister-in-law 儿子[兒子] er2zi5 (n.) son•我儿子九岁•他有三个儿子 配偶[配偶] pei4ou3 (n.) spouse, husband or wife, partner, mate 继母[繼母] ji4mu3 stepmother 姑父[姑父] gu1fu5 (n.) uncle (husband of aunt)(姑妈的丈夫) 舅舅[舅舅] jiu4jiu5 informal mother's brother; uncle 妻子[妻子] qi1zi5 wife 侄女[侄女] zhi2nü3 brother's daughter; niece 父母[父母] fu4mu3 (n.) father and mother, parents•我父母都是北方人。•她父母都姓王。•我父母今年都六十多了 妹妹[妹妹] mei4mei5 (n.) younger sister•我有一个妹妹•姐姐和妹妹 小姑[小姑] xiao3gu1 informal 1 husband's younger sister; sister-in-law 2 one's youngest paternal aunt 小姨子[小姨子] xiao3yi2zi5 informal wife's younger sister; sister-in-law 妯娌[妯娌] zhou2li5 wives of brothers; sisters-in-law 女婿[女婿] nü3xu5 (n.) son-in-law(女儿的丈夫) 继父[繼父] ji4fu4 stepfather 伯父[伯父] bo2fu4 1 father's elder brother; uncle 2 a term of address for a man of one's father's generation who is older than one's father; uncle 叔叔[叔叔] shu1shu5 informal 1 father's younger brother; uncle 2 (a child's form of address for any young man one generation its senior) uncle 姨父[姨父] yi2fu5 the husband of mother's sister (or one's maternal aunt); uncle 收养[收養] shou1yang3 take in and bring up; adopt 收養孤兒 Shōuyǎng gū'ér adopt an orphan 爹媽死後, 周伯伯就把我收養下來了。 Diē-mā sǐ hòu, zhōu bóbo jiù bǎ wǒ shōuyǎng xiàlai le. After my parents died, Uncle Zhou took me in. 死[死] si3 1 die; be dead 這棵樹死了。 Zhè kē shù sǐ le. This tree is dead. 他因病死於北京。 Tā yīn bìng sǐ yú Běijīng. He died of illness in Beijing. 那條金魚快死了。 Nà tiáo jīnyú kuài sǐ le. The goldfish is dying. 這次車禍死了五人。 Zhècì chēhuò sǐ le wǔ rén. The accident took five people's lives. 死一般的寂靜 Sǐ yībān de jìjìng a deathly stillness 被打死 bèi dǎ sǐ be beaten to death 我差點沒笑死。 Wǒ chàdiǎn méi xiào sǐ. I just about died laughing. 2 to the death ▶ 死戰 sǐzhàn 3 adverb extremely; to death 高興死了 Gāoxìng sǐ le be extremely happy 累死了 lèisǐ le be tired to death; be dog-tired 渴得要死 kě de yào sǐ be parched with thirst; be dying for a drink 死鹹死鹹的 sǐ xián sǐ xián de terribly salty 死沉死沉的 sǐchén sǐchén de awfully heavy 死頑固 sǐwángù diehard 4 implacable; deadly ▶ 死對頭 sǐduìtou 5 fixed; rigid; inflexible 死規矩 sǐguīju a rigid rule 死教條 sǐjiàotiáo lifeless dogma 6 impassable; closed 把漏洞堵死 bǎ lòudòng dǔ sǐ plug the holes; stop up loopholes 窗戶釘死了。 Chuānghu dīng sǐ le. The window has been nailed fast. 7 (used before verbs in the negative) stubbornly; adamantly; unyieldingly 死不認錯 sǐbùrèncuò stubbornly refuse to admit one's mistake 死不放手 sǐbùfàngshǒu cling (or hold on, hang on) to sth. like grim death 死不改悔 sǐbùgǎihuǐ be absolutely unrepentant; be incorrigible 死不要臉 sǐbuyàoliǎn be dead to all feelings of shame; be utterly shameless 已订婚者[已訂婚者] yi3ding4hun1zhe3 betrothed 已婚[已婚] yi3hun1 (adj.) married 养育[養育] yang3yu4 bring up; rear 養育子女 yǎngyù zǐnǚ bring up children 单身[單身] dan1shen1 (adj.) unmarried or single 出生[出生] chu1sheng1 (v.) be born•我是在美国出生的。•他出生在一个大城市。•你在那儿出生的? 离婚[離婚] li2hun1 (v.) divorce•离婚率•我很小的时候父母就离婚了。•父母的离婚对他的影响很大。 亲吻[親吻] qin1wen3 kiss 怀孕[懷孕] huai2yun4 be pregnant 懷孕五個月了 huáiyùn wǔ ge yuè le be five months pregnant; be five months gone 懷孕期 huáiyùn qī period of pregnancy; gestation period 分居[分居] fen1ju1 1 (of family members) live apart 她的兄弟都成了家, 分居各地。 Tā de xiōng-dì dōu chéng le jiā, fēnjū gè dì. All her brothers are married and live in different parts of the country. 2 (of husband and wife) live separately; separate 他們夫妻結婚十年就分居了。 Tāmen fūqī jiéhūn shí nián jiù fēnjū le. They separated after ten years of marriage. 寡妇[寡婦] gua3fu5 widow 阁楼[閣樓] ge2lou2 attic; loft; garret 浴室[浴室] yu4shi4 bathroom or shower room 卧室[臥室] wo4shi4 (n.) bedroom•两间卧室•卧室不大。•放在卧室里。 空[空] kong1 1 empty; hollow; void 空箱子 kōng xiāngzi an empty box 把抽屜騰空 bǎ chōuti téngkōng empty out a drawer 這棵樹被蟲子蛀空了。 Zhè kē shù bèi chóngzi zhù kōng le. This tree has been eaten hollow by worms. 屋裡空空的, 一個人也沒有。 Wū lǐ kōngkōng de, yī ge rén yě méiyǒu. The room is empty; there's no one inside. or There isn't a single soul in the house. 書已銷售一空。 Shū yǐ xiāoshòu yīkōng. All the books have been sold out. 2 sky; air ▶ 晴空 qíngkōng 3 for nothing; in vain 空跑一趟 kōngpǎo yī tàng make a journey for nothing; make a wasted trip 空忙 kōngmáng make fruitless efforts 說了半天是空歡喜一陣。 Shuō le bàntiān shì kōng huānxǐ yīzhèn. We spoke too soon, only to have our hopes dashed to pieces. See 空kòng 车库[車庫] che1ku4 (n.) garage•我们家还有一个车库。•车库太小了。•那就放在车库里吧。 草[草] cao3 1 grass 羊在山上吃草。 Yáng zài shān shàng chī cǎo. The sheep are grazing on the hillside. 2 straw 草可以做飼料, 也可以造紙。 Cǎo kěyǐ zuò sìliào, yě kěyǐ zàozhǐ. Straw can be used both for fodder and for papermaking. 1 careless; rough 這幾個字寫得太草。 Zhè jǐ ge zì xiě de tài cǎo. These characters are written in a sloppy hand. 2 same as 草書 cǎoshū 3 the running or cursive hand of a phonetic alphabet 4 draft ▶ 起草 qǐcǎo , 草擬 cǎonǐ informal female livestock or poultry ▶ 草雞 cǎojī , 草驢 cǎolǘ 厨房[廚房] chu2fang2 (n.) kitchen•一个厨房•厨房很大。•拿到厨房去吧。 草坪[草坪] cao3ping2 (n.) lawn•他家前后院都有草坪,所以每月的水费很贵。•修剪草坪•种草坪 屋顶[屋頂] wu1ding3 roof; housetop 楼梯[樓梯] lou2ti1 stairs; staircase; stairway 一層樓梯 Yī céng lóutī a flight of stairs 上(下)樓梯 shàng(xià)lóutī go up (down) by the stairway 樓梯平臺 lóutī píngtái landing (of stairs) 庭院[庭院] ting2yuan4 courtyard 地下室[地下室] di4xia4shi4 (n.) basement•我们家还有一个地下室。•地下室太冷。•我的办公室在地下室。 洗手间[洗手間] xi3shou3jian1 toilet; lavatory; washroom; rest room 餐厅[餐廳] can1ting1 (n.) dining room; restaurant•中餐厅•餐厅今天不开。•那儿有一个餐厅。 栅栏[柵欄] zha4lan5 1 railings; paling; bars 2 military boom 柵欄網 zhàlanwǎng boom nets 花园[花園] hua1yuan2 (n.) garden•一个小花园•花园里都是花。•我要去看看那个花园。 走廊[走廊] zou3lang2 corridor; passage; passageway 洗衣房[洗衣房] xi3yi1fang2 laundry room 客厅[客廳] ke4ting1 (n.) living room•一个客厅•客厅不大。•请到客厅坐。 房间[房間] fang2jian1 (n.) room•预订了一个房间•那个房间很亮。•我要一个双人房间。 厕所[廁所] ce4suo3 (n.) lavatory, toilet•请问,厕所在哪?•他去厕所了。•一份打扫厕所的工作 床[床] chuang2 1 bed 小孩床 xiǎoháichuáng child's cot; baby's crib 躺在床上 tǎng zài chuáng shàng lie in bed 臥病在床 wòbìngzàichuáng take to one's bed; be laid up 2 sth. shaped like a bed ▶ 車床 chēchuáng , 河床 héchuáng 3 measure word (for bedding) 一床被子 yī chuáng bèizi one quilt 兩床毯子 liǎng chuáng tǎnzi two blankets 三床鋪蓋 sān chuángpù gài three sets of bedding 地毯[地毯] di4tan3 (n.) carpet毯子: blanket•铺新地毯•换地毯•清洗地毯 椅子[椅子] yi3zi5 (n.) chair•四把椅子•放在椅子上吧。•椅子太高了。 电脑[電腦] dian4nao3 (n.) computer•他是学电脑专业的。•电脑技术•电脑软件 柜子[櫃子] gui4zi5 cupboard; cabinet 天花板[天花板] tian1hua1ban3 ceiling (of a room) 壁橱[壁櫥] bi4chu2 a built-in wardrobe or cupboard; closet 柜台[櫃檯] gui4tai2 counter; bar See also 站櫃檯 zhàn guìtái 橱柜[櫥櫃] chu2gui4 1 cupboard 2 a cupboard that also serves as a table; sideboard 书桌[書桌] shu1zhuo1 desk; writing desk 抽屉[抽屜] chou1ti5 drawer 烘干机[烘乾機] hong1gan1ji1 clothes dryer 地板[地板] di4ban3 1 floor board 2 floor 水泥地板 Shuǐní dìbǎn cement floor 榔头[榔頭] lang2tou5 hammer 灯[燈] deng1 1 lamp; lantern; light 突然所有的燈都滅了。 Tūrán suǒyǒu de dēng dōu miè le. Suddenly all the lights went out. 2 valve; tube 五燈收音機 Wǔ dēng shōuyīnjī a five-valve radio set 3 burner ▶ 酒精燈 jiǔjīngdēng 机器[機器] ji1qi4 (n.) machine•操纵机器•机器人•机器制造 微波炉[微波爐] wei1bo1lu2 (n.) microwave oven•微波炉菜谱•用微波炉做蛋糕•微波炉报价大全 钉子[釘子] ding1zi5 1 nail 2 saboteur 安插釘子 Ānchā dīngzi plant a saboteur See also 碰釘子 pèng dīngzi 烤箱[烤箱] kao3xiang1 oven 收音机[收音機] shou1yin1ji1 radio (set); wireless (set) 便攜式收音機 Biànxiéshì shōuyīnjī portable radio 落地式收音機 luòdìshì shōuyīnjī console set 绳子[繩子] sheng2zi5 cord; rope; string 螺丝钉[螺絲釘] luo2si1ding1 informal screw 淋浴[淋浴] lin2yu4 (v.) showers淋: pour; sprinkle浴: bath; bathe•淋浴间•卫生间里只有一个淋浴。•淋浴头坏了。 沙发[沙發] sha1fa1 (n.) sofa•一个双人沙发•坐沙发不好。•沙发都很贵。 桌子[桌子] zhuo1zi5 table; desk 浴缸[浴缸] yu4gang1 dialect bathtub 洗衣机[洗衣機] xi3yi1ji1 washing machine 窗帘[窗簾] chuang1lian2 window curtain 洗碗机[洗碗機] xi3wan3ji1 dishwasher 衣柜[衣櫃] yi1gui4 wardrobe 发动机[發動機] fa1dong4ji1 engine; motor 家具[家具] jia1ju4 (n.) furniture•房子带家具吗?•美国家具很贵。•这套家具不好看。 熨斗[熨斗] yun4dou3 flatiron; iron 電熨斗 diànyùndǒu electric iron 锁[鎖] suo3 (v.) lock•他把我锁在房间里了。•把门锁上。•把房门锁起来。 杂志[雜志] za2zhi4 1 magazine 訂一份雜志 dìng yī fèn zázhì subscribe to a magazine 2 (often used in book titles) miscellaneous notes; notes 王念孫《讀書雜志》 wáng niàn sūn 《Dúshū Zázhì》 Wang Niansun's Miscellaneous Reading Notes 镜子[鏡子] jing4zi5 (n.) mirror•湖面像一面镜子•玻璃镜子•照镜子 报纸[報紙] bao4zhi3 (n.) newspaper•在报纸上•中文报纸•看报纸 盘子[盤子] pan2zi5 (n.) plate•我这儿有一些碗、盘子、筷子和勺子。 冰箱[冰箱] bing1xiang1 (n.) ice box; refrigerator•冬天像大冰箱•冷藏冰箱•把肉放进冰箱 架子[架子] jia4zi5 1 frame; stand; rack; shelf 臉盆架子 liǎnpénjiàzi washstand 2 framework; skeleton; outline 寫文章要先搭好架子。 Xiě wénzhāng yào xiān dā hǎo jiàzi. Make an outline before you start writing. 把新機構的架子搭起來 Bǎ xīn jīgòu de jiàzi dā qǐlai set up the framework of the new organization 3 airs; haughty manner 沒有架子 méiyǒu jiàzi be modest and unassuming; be easy of approach 放下架子 fàngxià jiàzi get down from one's high horse 4 posture; stance 他拉開架子, 打起了太極拳。 Tā lākai jiàzi, dǎ qǐ le tàijíquán. He adopted a stance and began to do Taiji shadowboxing. See also 擺架子 bǎi jiàzi 拿架子 ná jiàzi 洗手池[洗手池] xi3shou3chi2 1 bathroom sink 2 wash basin 炉子[爐子] lu2zi5 stove; oven; furnace 生爐子 Shēng lúzi light a stove 电视[電視] dian4shi4 (n.) television•看电视•晚上看一个小时的电视 工具[工具] gong1ju4 (n.) tool, means•没有好的工具怎么干活?•工具书•修理工具 墙壁[牆壁] qiang2bi4 wall 窗户[窗戶] chuang1hu5 window; casement 扫把[掃把] sao4ba3 dialect broom 水桶[水桶] shui3tong3 pail; bucket 除尘[除塵] chu2chen2 to eliminate dust (i.e. filter out suspended particles) 拖地[拖地] tuo1di4 1 to mop the floor 2 (of a gown etc) to trail on the ground 3 full-length 抹布[抹布] ma1bu4 rag (to wipe things with) 扫[掃] sao3 (v.) sweep 吸尘器[吸塵器] xi1chen2qi4 dust catcher; dust collector 真空吸塵器 zhēnkōng xīchénqì vacuum cleaner 刷子[刷子] shua1zi5 brush 一把刷子 yī bǎ shuāzi a brush 鞋刷子 xiéshuāzi shoe brushes 打扫[打掃] da3sao3 (v.) clean up, sweep•买了旧房子以后,他花了很多时间打扫。•打扫卫生•打扫战场 拖把[拖把] tuo1ba3 mop 整理[整理] zheng3li3 (v.) put in order; sort out; arrange; straighten out•把他的日记整理成一本书•整理行李•整理电脑里的文件 海绵[海綿] hai3mian2 1 sponge 2 foam rubber or plastic; sponge 吸尘[吸塵] xi1chen2 (v.o.) vacuum•用吸尘器吸尘•吸尘方式•中央吸尘系统 洗[洗] xi3 (v.) wash, bathe•洗手•洗脸•洗盘子•洗脑(brain washing) 公寓[公寓] gong1yu4 (n.) apartment•租公寓•我的公寓•公寓房间 房子[房子] fang2zi5 (n.) house•看看房子•房子很大。•我买房子了。 二楼[二樓] er4lou2 second floor 勇气[勇氣] yong3qi4 courage; nerve 鼓起勇氣 gǔqǐ yǒngqì pluck up (or muster up) one's courage 見她滿臉的不高興, 我沒有勇氣再問下去。 Jiàn tā mǎn liǎn de bù gāoxìng, wǒ méiyǒu yǒngqì zài wèn xiàqu. She looked so displeased that I didn't have the nerve to ask her further questions. 友好[友好] you3hao3 (adj./n.) friendly, amicable, close friend•友好国家•友好邻邦•友好往来•生前友好 好[好] hao3 (adj.) well, good•您好!•老师好!•我很好。 聪明[聰明] cong1ming5 (adj.) smart; clever•聪明人•他很聪明•聪明的决定 仁慈[仁慈] ren2ci2 benevolent; merciful; kind 仁慈的老人 Réncí de lǎorén a kind old man 仁慈的上帝 réncí de Shàngdì kind and merciful God 對敵人仁慈就是對人民殘忍。 Duì dírén réncí jiù shì duì rénmín cánrěn. Mercy to the enemy means cruelty to the people. 恶毒[惡毒] e4du2 vicious; malicious; venomous 惡毒的誣蔑 èdú de wūmiè venomous slander 惡毒攻擊 èdú gōngjī viciously attack 惡毒的語言 èdú de yǔyán vile language 用心極其惡毒 yòngxīn jíqí èdú entertain most evil designs 外向[外向] wai4xiang4 psychology extroversion 富有[富有] fu4you3 1 rich; wealthy 他家非常富有。 Tā jiā fēicháng fùyǒu. His family is very rich. 2 be rich in; be full of 富有經驗 Fùyǒu jīngyàn be rich in experience; be very experienced 富有戰鬥性 fùyǒu zhàndòuxìng be very militant 富有代表性 fùyǒu dàibiǎoxìng be typical 富有生命力 fùyǒu shēngmìnglì be full of vitality 自私[自私] zi4si1 selfish; self-centred 他比較自私。 Tā bǐjiào zìsī. He's rather selfish. 热情[熱情] re4qing2 (adj.) warm, fervent•他对别人很热情。•热情招待客人•热情服务 乐趣[樂趣] le4qu4 (n.) delight; pleasure•生活乐趣•读书的乐趣•享受大自然的乐趣 高兴[高興] gao1xing4 (adj.) happy; glad•他每天都高兴。•她为什么总是不高兴? 笑话[笑話] xiao4hua5 1 joke; jest 說笑話 shuō xiàohua crack a joke 2 laugh at; ridicule 笑話人 xiàohua rén laugh at sb. 咱們一定要贏, 別讓人笑話咱們。 Zánmen yīdìng yào yíng, bié ràng rén xiàohua zánmen. We must win the game, and not give others any chance to laugh at us. See also 鬧笑話 nào xiàohua 看笑話 kàn xiàohua 懒惰[懶惰] lan3duo4 lazy 本地人[本地人] ben3di4ren2 native person (of a country) 骄傲[驕傲] jiao1'ao4 (adj.) be proud, pride, conceited, arrogant•爸爸为当兵的儿子感到骄傲。•不要因为考试成绩好就骄傲起来 伤心[傷心] shang1xin1 sad; grieved; broken-hearted 傷透了心 shāng tòu le xīn feel extremely heartbroken 傷心落淚 shāngxīn luòlèi shed sad tears; weep in grief 別為這事傷心。 Bié wèi zhè shì shāngxīn. Don't let it grieve you. 這麼好的莊稼給雹子打了, 真叫人傷心。 Zhème hǎo de zhuāngjia gěi báozi dǎ le, zhēn jiào rén shāngxīn. It's really heartrending to see such fine crops damaged by the hailstorm. 丈夫有淚不輕彈, 只因未到傷心處。 Zhàngfu yǒu lèi bù qīng tán, zhǐ yīn wèi dào shāngxīn chù. A man does not easily shed tears until his heart is broken. 严肃[嚴肅] yan2su4 1 serious; solemn; earnest 嚴肅認真 yánsù rènzhēn serious and conscientious 嚴肅的氣氛 yánsù de qìfēn a solemn atmosphere 嚴肅的態度 yánsù de tàidu a serious attitude 他是個很嚴肅的人。 Tā shì ge hěn yánsù de rén. He is a serious (or serious-minded) man. 嚴肅地指出 Yánsù de zhǐchū point out in all earnestness 2 strictly enforce 嚴肅黨紀 yánsù dǎngjì enforce Party discipline 嚴肅法制 yánsù fǎzhì maintain the legal system 害羞[害羞] hai4xiu1 be bashful; be shy 她是第一次當眾講話, 有些害羞。 Tā shì dì-yī cì dāngzhòng jiǎnghuà, yǒuxiē hàixiū. This was the first time she had spoken before many people, so she was a bit shy. 奇怪[奇怪] qi2guai4 (adj.) strange; odd奇: strange, rare怪: strange; peculiar; eccentric•他的穿着总是很奇怪。•不知道她要说什么,她的表情很奇怪。•我觉得他的回答很奇怪。 财富[財富] cai2fu4 (n.) wealth, riches•他的公司的财富已经超过数亿美元。•经验就是财富。 笑容[笑容] xiao4rong2 smiling expression; smile 慈祥的笑容 Cíxiáng de xiàoróng a kindly smile 笑容滿面 xiàoróngmǎnmiàn be all smiles; have a broad smile on one's face 她臉上露出一絲笑容。 Tā liǎnshàng lòuchū yī sī xiàoróng. A faint smile crept over her face. 高[高] gao1 (adj.) high; tall•他的大哥很高。•她的爱人不高。 玄孙[玄孫] xuan2sun1 great-great-grandson; grandson of one's grandson 高祖母[高祖母] gao1zu3mu3 (paternal) great-great-grandmother 高祖父[高祖父] gao1zu3fu4 great-great-grandfather 高祖[高祖] gao1zu3 (paternal) great-great-grandfather 显考[顯考] xian3kao3 1 honorific term for one's deceased father 2 (arch.) great-great-grandfather 九族[九族] jiu3zu2 the nine degrees of kindred (construed as either the nine generations from one's great-great-grandfather down to one's great-great-grandson; or four generations of one's paternal relations, three generations of one's maternal relations, and two generations of one's wife's relations) 堂兄[堂兄] tang2xiong1 older male patrilineal cousin 表亲[表親] biao3qin1 1 cousin 2 cousinship 堂兄弟姐妹[堂兄弟姐妹] tang2xiong1di4jie3mei4 cousin 表叔[表叔] biao3shu1 1 son of grandfather's sister 2 son of grandmother's brother or sister 3 father's younger male cousin 4 (Hong Kong slang) mainlander 堂兄弟[堂兄弟] tang2xiong1di4 1 father's brother's sons 2 paternal male cousin 堂姊妹[堂姊妹] tang2zi3mei4 1 father's brother's daughters 2 paternal female cousin 表侄[表姪] biao3zhi2 son of a male cousin via female line 表姊妹[表姊妹] biao3zi3mei4 1 father's sister's daughters 2 maternal female cousin 表姑[表姑] biao3gu1 father's female cousin via female line 从[從] zong4 second cousin 中表[中表] zhong1biao3 first cousin, child of father's sister or mother's sister or brother 老表[老表] lao3biao3 1 a male cousin (on the maternal side or on the paternal aunt's side) 2 dialect a polite form of address to a male stranger 表侄女[表姪女] biao3zhi2nü3 daughter of a male cousin via female line 表兄弟[表兄弟] biao3xiong1di4 maternal male cousin 好[好] hao3 (adj.) well, good•您好!•老师好!•我很好。 妈妈[媽媽] ma1ma5 (n.) mother, mom, mommy•我妈妈•孩子的妈妈•爸爸和妈妈 爸爸[爸爸] ba4ba5 (n.) father, dad, daddy•我爸爸•孩子的爸爸•爸爸和妈妈 弟弟[弟弟] di4di5 (n.) younger brother•你有没有弟弟?•我有一个弟弟. 大哥[大哥] da4ge1 (n.) eldest brother•我大哥今年四十五岁•张大哥, 你好. 小弟弟[小弟弟] xiao3di4di5 1 little brother 2 penis (slang) 大姐[大姐] da4jie3 1 eldest sister 2 elder sister (a polite form of address for a woman about one's own age) 小妹妹[小妹妹] xiao3 mei4 mei4 little sister 嫂子[嫂子] sao3zi5 (n.) elder brother’s wife(哥哥的太太) 弟妹[弟妹] di4mei4 1 younger brother and sister 2 informal younger brother's wife; sister-in-law 姥姥[姥姥] lao3lao5 (n.) grandmother on the mother’s side(妈妈的母亲) 姥爷[姥爺] lao3ye5 dialect (maternal) grandfather; grandpa 外祖母[外祖母] wai4zu3mu3 (maternal) grandmother 外祖父[外祖父] wai4zu3fu4 (maternal) grandfather 外祖父母[外祖父母] wai4 zu3 fu4mu3 maternal grandparents 祖母[祖母] zu3mu3 (paternal) grandmother 祖父[祖父] zu3fu4 (paternal) grandfather 伯伯[伯伯] bo2bo5 (n.) uncle (father’s elder brother)(爸爸的哥哥) 姑丈[姑丈] gu1zhang4 the husband of one's father's sister; uncle 姨丈[姨丈] yi2zhang4 the husband of mother's sister (or one's maternal aunt); uncle 表兄[表兄] biao3xiong1 the son of one's father's sister or of one's mother's brother or sister, who is older than oneself; older male cousin; cousin 表兄弟姐妹[表兄弟姐妹] biao3xiong1di4jie3mei4 brother-in-law 外孙[外孫] wai4sun1 daughter's son; grandson 外孙女[外孫女] wai4sun1nü3 (n.) granddaughter (daughter’s daughter)(女儿的女儿) 外孙子[外孫子] wai4sun1zi5 informal daughter's son; grandson 外孙女儿[外孫女兒] wai4sun1nü3r5 granddaughter (one's daughter's daughter) 侄女婿[侄女婿] zhi2nü3xu5 husband of brother's daughter; niece's husband 对象[對象] dui4xiang4 (n.) boyfriend/girlfriend•他找到对象了吗?•她还没有对象。•小王的对象在部队。 先生[先生] xian1sheng5 (n.) Sir, Mr.•王先生•张先生•先生,您好! 老公[老公] lao3gong1 dialect husband 太太[太太] tai4tai5 (n.) Mrs.•王太太•张太太•马太太 老婆[老婆] lao3po5 informal wife 婆婆家[婆婆家] po2po5jia1 husband's family 大姨子[大姨子] da4yi2zi5 informal wife's elder sister; sister-in-law 大伯[大伯] da4bo2 1 father's elder brother; uncle 2 uncle (a polite form of address for an elderly man) 小叔[小叔] xiao3shu1 1 husband's younger brother 2 brother-in-law 亲情[親情] qin1qing2 1 affection 2 family love 3 love, esp. within a married couple or between parents and children 姨夫[姨夫] yi2fu5 the husband of mother’s sister 姨的丈夫叫姨父 小姨[小姨] xiao3yi2 mother’s younger sister 妈妈的妹妹叫小姨。 楼[樓] lou2 (n.) storied building; floor•两层楼•高楼•那个地方有很多楼房。 可移动地[可移動地] ke3yi2dong4di5 movably 房屋[房屋] fang2wu1 houses or buildings; housing 体重计[體重計] ti3zhong4ji4 weighing scale 体重器[體重器] ti3zhong4qi4 scales (to measure body weight) // Gospel/Other Useful Vocab for Missionaries/Personal Care 美丽[美麗] mei3li4 (adj.) beautiful•美丽的天然牧场•美丽的自然风光•我们美丽的田园 眼影[眼影] yan3ying3 eye-shadow 粉饼[粉餅] fen3bing3 compact (cosmetics) 口红[口紅] kou3hong2 lipstick 睫毛膏[睫毛膏] jie2mao2gao1 mascara 腮红[腮紅] sai1hong2 rouge; blush 眼线[眼線] yan3xian4 informer; stool-pigeon eye-liner 化妆品[化妝品] hua4zhuang1pin3 cosmetics 化妆[化妝] hua4zhuang1 1 (of actors) make up 2 put on makeup; make up 年輕婦女多喜歡化妝。 Niánqīng fùnǚ duō xǐhuan huàzhuāng. Most young ladies like to use makeup. 刷[刷] shua1 1 a brush 油漆刷 yóuqī shuā paintbrush 2 clean with a brush; brush; scrub 刷鞋 shuāxié brush shoes 刷地板 shuā dìbǎn scrub the floor 刷鍋 shuā guō clean (or scour) a pot 3 paint, daub, paste up, etc. with a brush 用石灰漿刷牆 yòng shíhuī jiāng shuā qiáng whitewash a wall 刷標語 shuā biāoyǔ paste up posters 4 informal eliminate; remove 那個隊直到半決賽才給刷下來。 Nà ge duì zhídào bànjuésài cái gěi shuā xiàlai. That team was not eliminated until the semifinals. onomatope swish; rustle 玉米葉子被風吹得刷刷響。 Yùmǐ yèzi bèi fēng chuī de shuā shuā xiǎng. The corn leaves rustled in the wind. See 刷shuà 须后[須後] xu1hou4 aftershave 润肤膏[潤膚膏] run4fu1gao1 moisturizing cream 梳子[梳子] shu1zi5 comb 一把梳子 Yī bǎ shūzi a comb 护发素[護髮素] hu4fa4su4 hair conditioner 剪[剪] jian3 (v.) cut•把伤员的衣服剪开,然后进行包扎。•你在哪剪的头发?•从报纸上剪下一篇文章。 牙线[牙線] ya2xian4 dental floss 穿衣服[穿衣服] chuan1 yi1fu5 to put on clothes 洗[洗] xi3 (v.) wash, bathe•洗手•洗脸•洗盘子•洗脑(brain washing) 牙膏[牙膏] ya2gao1 (n.) toothpaste•一筒牙膏•牙膏多少钱一筒?•我去买牙膏。 肥皂[肥皂] fei2zao4 (n.) soap•一块肥皂•肥皂多少钱一块?•买三块肥皂 剃须膏[剃鬚膏] ti4xu1gao1 shaving cream 洗澡[洗澡] xi3zao3 (v.o.) take a bath•一个洗澡间•我得洗一个澡。•我洗澡以后再吃饭。 指甲刀[指甲刀] zhi3jia5dao1 nail clippers 梳[梳] shu1 (v.) comb•自梳女•梳头•梳妆打扮 发胶[髮膠] fa4jiao1 hair gel 毛刷[毛刷] mao2shua4 brush 乳液[乳液] ru3ye4 1 milk 2 lotion 3 emulsion 剃刀[剃刀] ti4dao1 razor 修剪[修剪] xiu1jian3 prune; trim; clip 修剪果枝 xiūjiǎn guǒzhī prune fruit trees 修剪指甲 xiūjiǎn zhǐjia trim one's fingernails 牙刷[牙刷] ya2shua1 (n.) toothbrush•一把牙刷•牙刷多少钱一把?•我去买牙刷。 淋浴[淋浴] lin2yu4 (v.) showers淋: pour; sprinkle浴: bath; bathe•淋浴间•卫生间里只有一个淋浴。•淋浴头坏了。 刮[刮] gua1 (v.) blow 胡须[鬍鬚] hu2xu1 (n.) beard, moustache, whiskers 剪刀[剪刀] jian3dao1 scissors; shears 一把剪刀 yī bǎ jiǎndāo a pair of scissors 准备[準備] zhun3bei4 (v.) prepare•准备餐具•准备好了吗?•你准备一下吧。 定型水[定型水] ding4xing2shui3 hairspray 护发乳[護髮乳] hu4fa4ru3 hair conditioner 润发液[潤髮液] run4fa4ye4 hair conditioner 润发露[潤髮露] run4fa4lu4 hair conditioner 体香剂[體香劑] ti3xiang1ji4 (personal) deodorant 防臭剂[防臭劑] fang2chou4ji4 deodorant 洗发剂[洗髮劑] xi3fa4ji4 shampoo 洗发水[洗髮水] xi3fa4shui3 shampoo (liquid) // Gospel/Other Useful Vocab for Missionaries/Places and Travel 东[東] dong1 1 east 城東 Chéng dōng east of the city 東城 dōng chéng the eastern part of the city 東郊 dōngjiāo eastern suburbs 2 master; owner ▶ 房東 fángdōng 3 host 今天是我的東。 Jīntiān shì wǒ de dōng. I'll be the host today. or It's my treat today. 东北[東北] dong1bei3 1 northeast 2 (Dōngběi) northeast China; the Northeast 南[南] nan2 1 south 城南 Chéng nán south of the city 南屋 nánwū a room with a northern exposure 2 (Nán) a surname See 南nā 西南[西南] xi1nan2 1 southwest 2 (Xīnán) southwest China; the Southwest (including Sichuan, Yunnan, Guizhou, and Tibet) 北[北] bei3 north 城北 chéng běi north of the city 北屋 běiwū a room with a southern exposure 往北走 wǎng běi zǒu go north formal be defeated 連戰皆北 liánzhànjiēběi be defeated in one battle after another; suffer repeated defeats 西北[西北] xi1bei3 1 northwest 2 (Xīběi) northwest China; the Northwest (including Shaanxi, Gansu, Qinghai, Ningxia, and Xinjiang) 东南[東南] dong1nan2 1 southeast 2 (Dōngnán) southeast China; the Southeast 西[西] xi1 1 west 西屋 Xīwū west room 西海岸 xīhǎi'àn the west coast 太原以西 Tàiyuán yǐxī to the west of Taiyuan 往西去 wǎng xī qù head west 2 (Xī) Occidental; Western ▶ 西服 xīfú , 西藥 xīyào 非洲[非洲] Fei1zhou1 Africa 亚洲[亞洲] Ya4zhou1 Asia 大陆[大陸] Da4lu4 Mainland China 北美洲[北美洲] Bei3 Mei3zhou1 North America 南极洲[南極洲] Nan2ji2zhou1 the Antarctic Continent; Antarctica 澳洲[澳洲] Ao4zhou1 Australia (the continent) 欧洲[歐洲] Ou1zhou1 (n.) Europe 南美洲[南美洲] Nan2mei3zhou1 (n.) South America 红绿灯[紅綠燈] hong2lü4deng1 (n.) traffic light灯: light; lamp•在红绿灯那•那个路口的红绿灯坏了。•在有红绿灯的那个路口 道路[道路] dao4lu4 road; way; path 道路泥濘。 Dàolù nínìng. The road is muddy. 走前人沒有走過的道路 Zǒu qiánrén méiyǒu zǒu guò de dàolù break paths none have explored before 為兩國首腦會談鋪平道路 wèi liǎng guó shǒunǎo huìtán pūpíng dàolù pave the way for summit talks between the two countries 村庄[村莊] cun1zhuang1 village; hamlet 提款机[提款機] ti2kuan3ji1 1 bank autoteller 2 ATM 收费[收費] shou1fei4 (v.) charge, collect fees•收费处•收费厕所•收费停车场 支票[支票] zhi1piao4 (n.) check•也收旅行支票•支票本•用支票付房租 账户[賬戶] zhang4hu4 account (bank or online) 提款卡[提款卡] ti2kuan3ka3 1 bank debit card 2 ATM card 丈夫[丈夫] zhang4fu1 man, husband ∼氣概 ∼ qìgài manliness 取款[取款] qu3kuan3 to withdraw money from a bank 帐单[帳單] zhang4dan1 bill; check 侍者拿來了帳單。 Shìzhě ná lái le zhàng dān. The waiter came with the bill. 信用卡[信用卡] xin4yong4ka3 (n.) credit card•收信用卡•美国银行信用卡•这张信用卡不能用了。 存钱[存錢] cun2qian2 1 to deposit money 2 to save money 储蓄帐户[儲蓄帳戶] chu3xu4zhang4hu4 savings account (in bank) 储蓄[儲蓄] chu3xu4 save; deposit 提倡儲蓄 tíchàng chǔxù encourage saving 城鄉儲蓄迅速增加。 Chéng-xiāng chǔxù xùnsù zēngjiā. Savings deposits in both urban and rural areas have shown a rapid increase. 自动[自動] zi4dong4 (adv.) automatic•自动售货机•自动参加•门会自动打开。 烘乾机[烘乾機] hong1gan1ji1 dryer 烘干机[烘乾機] hong1gan1ji1 clothes dryer 折叠[折疊] zhe2die2 fold 把報紙折疊好 bǎ bàozhǐ zhédié hǎo fold up the newspaper 脏[髒] zang1 (adj.) dirty•脏衣服•脏手•这条路很脏不好走。 衣服[衣服] yi1fu5 (n.) clothing, clothes•试衣服•衣服要洗了。•买了三件衣服 洗衣粉[洗衣粉] xi3yi1fen3 laundry detergent (powder); washing powder 硬币[硬幣] ying4bi4 1 coin; specie 一個五分的硬幣 Yī ge wǔfēn de yìngbì a five-fen piece (or coin) 用硬幣支付 yòng yìngbì zhīfù payment in specie 2 hard currency 洗衣店[洗衣店] xi3yi1dian4 laundry 洗衣房[洗衣房] xi3yi1fang2 laundry room 洗衣[洗衣] xi3yi1 wash clothes 洗衣机[洗衣機] xi3yi1ji1 washing machine 静电[靜電] jing4dian4 static electricity 靜電除塵器 Jìngdiàn chúchénqì electrostatic precipitator 靜電紡紗 jìngdiàn fǎngshā electrostatic spinning 靜電感應 jìngdiàn gǎnyīng electrostatic induction 靜電荷 jìngdiànhè electrostatic charge 靜電計 jìngdiànjì electrometer 靜電學 jìngdiàn xué electrostatics 靜電印刷 jìngdiàn yìnshuā xerography 纸[紙] zhi3 (n.) paper•餐巾纸•报纸•纸用完了。 除[除] chu2 1 get rid of; eliminate; remove ▶ 除草 chúcǎo , 鏟除 chǎnchú 2 preposition except 除此而外 chú cǐ érwài with the exception of this; excepting this 3 preposition besides 除水稻外, 我們還種棉花和小麥。 Chú shuǐdào wài, wǒmen hái zhòng miánhua hé xiǎomài. Besides rice, we grow cotton and wheat. 4 mathematics divide 八除以四得二。 Bā chúyǐ sì dé èr. 8 divided by 4 is 2. 二除六得三。 Èr chú liù dé sān. 2 goes into 6 three times. 十能被五除盡。 Shí néng bèi wǔ chú jìn. 10 divides by 5. or 5 goes into 10. 5 formal appoint to office formal steps to a house; doorsteps ▶ 庭除 tíngchú 机场[機場] ji1chang3 (n.) airport•到机场•机场离这儿不远。•他去机场了。 银行[銀行] yin2hang2 (n.) bank•一家银行•我在中国银行工作。•请问,银行在哪儿? 车站[車站] che1zhan4 station; depot; stop 教堂[教堂] jiao4tang2 (n.) church, temple, cathedral•圣彼得大教堂•教堂的建筑风格•各具特色的教堂 药店[藥店] yao4dian4 drugstore; chemist's shop; pharmacy 干洗[乾洗] gan1xi3 dry-clean 店[店] dian4 1 shop; store 服裝店 fúzhuāngdiàn clothing store 文具店 wénjùdiàn stationer's 2 inn 住店 zhùdiàn stop at an inn 杂货店[雜貨店] za2huo4dian4 grocery; sundry store; general store 宾馆[賓館] bin1guan3 guesthouse 图书馆[圖書館] tu2shu1guan3 (n.) library•图书馆有很多书。•他妈妈在图书馆工作。•我下课后常去图书馆。 市场[市場] shi4chang3 (n.) market•农贸市场•市场上有卖•那儿有一个市场。 药房[藥房] yao4fang2 (n.) pharmacy; drugstore•去药房取药•他在医院的药房工作。•药房在一楼大厅。 邮局[郵局] you2ju2 (n.) post office•我老家有一个邮局。•这个邮局很大。•美国邮局 发廊[髮廊] fa4lang2 1 hair salon 2 hair dresser's shop M: 家jiā [家] / 間jiān [間] 站[站] zhan4 stand; be on one's feet; take a stand 站起來 zhànqǐlai stand up; rise to one's feet 往後站站! Wǎng hòu zhàn zhàn! Stand back! 別拿椅子了, 就站著看吧。 Bié ná yǐzi le, jiù zhàn zhe kàn ba. Don't bother to get chairs. Let's just stand and watch. 我都站了一天了。 Wǒ dōu zhàn le yī tiān le. I've been on my feet all day. 站在黨的立場上 Zhàn zài dǎng de lìchǎng shàng uphold the stand of the Party 1 stop; halt 這車中途不站。 Zhè chē zhōngtú bù zhàn. This bus makes no stops along the way. 東京是總統此次亞洲之行的第二站。 Dōngjīng shì zǒngtǒng cǐcì Yàzhōu zhī xíng de dì-èr zhàn. Tokyo is the President's second stop on his Asia trip. 2 station; stop 長途汽車站 Chángtú qìchē zhàn bus station 我下一站下車。 Wǒ xià yī zhàn xiàchē. I get off at the next stop. 3 station or centre for rendering certain services 供應站 gōngyìngzhàn supply centre 火车站[火車站] huo3che1zhan4 (n.) railway station•离火车站很近•新的上海火车站很漂亮。•火车站离这儿不远。 面包店[麵包店] mian4bao1dian4 tommy-shop 理发店[理髮店] li3fa4dian4 1 barber's shop 2 hairdresser's M: 家jiā [家] 教会[教會] jiao4hui4 (n.) (the Christian) church•教会法规•教会政府•教会团契 市政厅[市政廳] shi4zheng4ting1 city hall 药局[藥局] yao4ju2 1 pharmacy 2 dispensary 加油站[加油站] jia1you2zhan4 filling (or petrol, gas) station 医院[醫院] yi1yuan4 (n.) hospital•这是一家有名的大医院。•医院离这儿不远。•去医院看病不方便。 自助洗衣店[自助洗衣店] zi4zhu4xi3yi1dian4 1 laundromat 2 launderette 百货公司[百貨公司] bai3huo4 gong1si1 department store 公园[公園] gong1yuan2 (n.) park•去公园玩•在市中心有一个很美的公园。 警察局[警察局] jing3cha2ju2 police headquarters; police station 餐馆[餐館] can1guan3 (n.) Restaurant•你知道蒙特雷最好的中国餐馆是哪家吗?•餐馆老板•开餐馆 学校[學校] xue2xiao4 (n.) school•我在学校里教书。•一所学校•军事学校 商店[商店] shang1dian4 (n.) store•去商店买书•她姐姐在商店工作。 信封[信封] xin4feng1 (n.) envelope•一个信封•在信封的右上角帖邮票。•这个信封太小。 邮寄[郵寄] you2ji4 send by post; post 郵寄書籍 yóujì shūjí send books by post 信箱[信箱] xin4xiang1 (n.) mailbox; postal box箱: box; chest•我在邮局有一个信箱。•信箱里有很多邮件。•这个信箱太小邮件放不进去。 邮编[郵編] you2bian1 1 postal code 2 zip code 寄发[寄發] ji4fa1 1 to dispatch 2 to send out (mail) 寄[寄] ji4 (v.) send; mail•寄信•寄东西•给朋友寄几本书 信[信] xin4 (n.) letter•写信•寄信•收到信 信件[信件] xin4jian4 letters, papers, printed matter, etc. (sent either by post or by messenger) 包裹[包裹] bao1guo3 (n.) package; parcel•寄一个包裹•收到一个包裹•包裹里面有什么? 明信片[明信片] ming2xin4pian4 postcard 邮票[郵票] you2piao4 (n.) stamp•买邮票•平信的邮票•挂号信的邮票 小巷[小巷] xiao3xiang4 alley 桥[橋] qiao2 (n.) bridge 城市[城市] cheng2shi4 (n.) city•东部的城市•大城市•一个小城市 市中心[市中心] shi4zhong1xin1 (n.) downtown•在市中心•市中心不太远。•我要去市中心一下。 高速公路[高速公路] gao1su4 gong1lu4 expressway; freeway 故乡[故鄉] gu4xiang1 old home; native place; birthplace 北京已經成了我的第二故鄉。 Běijīng yǐjing chéng le wǒ de dì-èr gùxiāng. Beijing has become a second home to me. 舉頭望明月, 低頭思故鄉。(李白) Jǔ tóu wàng míngyuè, dītóu sī gùxiāng. (Lǐ Bái) Raising my head, I look at the bright moon; Bending my head, I think of my old home. 办公室[辦公室] ban4gong1shi4 (n.) office•办公室很小。•办公室设备•办公室秘书 路线[路線] lu4xian4 (n.) (political) view 牌子[牌子] pai2zi5 (n.) plate; sign•用船票换一个牌子。•门上有一个牌子。•牌子上写着什么? 街道[街道] jie1dao4 (n.) street; residential area•宽阔的街道•这条街道的两边都是些大商店。 大街[大街] da4jie1 main street; street 逛大街 Guàng dàjiē go window-shopping; stroll around the streets 建筑物[建築物] jian4zhu4wu4 (n.) building; structure; shelter建筑: build; construct; building; structure•危险的建筑物•加固建筑物•军用建筑物 农村[農村] nong2cun1 (n.) rural area; countryside; country(农,农业,农民;村,农民居住的地方)•我爷爷奶奶的家在农村。•农村的空气比城里的清新多了。 车道[車道] che1dao4 (traffic) lane; roadway 公路[公路] gong1lu4 (n.) highway; road•修公路•一号公路•高速公路 十字路口[十字路口] shi2zi4lu4kou3 (n.) four-way intersection•过一个十字路口•在下一个十字路口•在那个十字路口有一个加油站。 铁轨[鐵軌] tie3gui3 rail (s) (for trains, etc.); tracks 人行道[人行道] ren2xing2dao4 pavement; sidewalk 乡镇[鄉鎮] xiang1zhen4 (n.) township, villages and towns•乡镇企业•乡镇公路•乡镇机构改革 飞机[飛機] fei1ji1 (n.) airplane•坐飞机比坐火车快。 自行车[自行車] zi4xing2che1 (n.) bicycle•我打算买一部新自行车。•我每天骑自行车上班。 船[船] chuan2 (n.) boat•游船•船上•船上的商店 汽车[汽車] qi4che1 (n.) automobile•开汽车•汽车站•坐公共汽车 出发[出發] chu1fa1 (v.) leave; depart•明天我们什么时候出发?在哪儿出发? 燃料[燃料] ran2liao4 fuel 標準燃料 biāozhǔn ránliào ideal fuels 低熱值燃料 dī rèzhí ránliào low-calorie fuels 地图[地圖] di4tu2 (n.) map•一张中国地图•美国地图•英国地图 非吸烟区[非吸煙區] fei1xi1yan1qu1 non-smoking area 骑[騎] qi2 (v.) ride•骑自行车去学校上课•我会骑马。 吸烟区[吸煙區] xi1yan1qu1 smoking area 地铁[地鐵] di4tie3 (n.) subway•坐地铁•地铁站•这里没有地铁。 公车[公車] gong1che1 1 bus 2 abbr. for 公共汽車gōnggòngqìchē [公共汽車] 3 car belonging to an organization and used by its members (government car, police car, company car etc) 4 abbr. for 公務用車gōngwùyòngchē [公務用車] 搭[搭] da1 1 put up; build 搭一個臨時舞臺 Dā yī ge línshí wǔtái put up a makeshift stage 搭窩 dāwō build a nest 搭帳篷 dā zhàngpeng pitch a tent 2 hang over; put over 把洗好的衣服搭在繩上 bǎ xǐ hǎo de yīfu dā zài shéng shàng hang the washing on a line 他肩膀上搭著一塊毛巾。 Tā jiānbǎng shàng dā zhe yī kuài máojīn. He had a towel over his shoulder. 3 come into contact; join 那兩根電線搭上了。 Nà liǎng gēn diànxiàn dā shàng le. The two wires are touching. 搭上關係 dāshang guānxi strike up a relationship with; establish contact with 4 throw in more (people, money, etc.); add 你忙不過來, 給你搭個人吧。 Nǐ máng bù guòlai, gěi nǐ dā ge rén ba. You're terribly busy. We'll send someone to help you. 為了救他, 我差點兒把命都搭進去了。 Wèile jiù tā, wǒ chàdiǎnr bǎ mìng dōu dā jìnqu le. In trying to save him I nearly lost my own life, too. 5 lift sth. together 幫我把這包大米搭上卡車。 Bāng wǒ bǎ zhè bāo dàmǐ dā shàng kǎchē. Help me lift the bag of rice onto the truck. 咱們倆把這筐土搭走。 Zánmen liǎ bǎ zhè kuāng tǔ dā zǒu. Let's carry this basket of earth away. 6 take (a ship, plane, etc.); travel (or go) by 搭輪船去上海 Dā lúnchuán qù Shànghǎi go to Shanghai by boat 搭飛機 dā fēijī go by plane 搭長途汽車 dā chángtú qìchē travel by coach 搭他們的車走 dā tāmen de chē zǒu get a lift in their car 计乘车[計乘車] ji4cheng2che1 cab 计程车[計程車] ji4cheng2che1 taxicab; taxi; cab 火车[火車] huo3che1 (n.) train•开火车•火车站•去北京的火车就要开了。 换车[換車] huan4che1 change trains or buses 從學校回家一路上要換四趟車。 Cóng xuéxiào huíjiā yīlù shàng yào huàn sì tàng chē. I have to change buses four times going home from school. 车辆[車輛] che1liang4 (n.) vehicle; car; traffic•公路上的车辆很多。•上下班的时候,路上车辆拥挤得很。 车祸[車禍] che1huo4 (n.) traffic accident祸: misfortune; disaster•车祸地点•今天有车祸,路上堵车。•车祸中有九人受伤,一人死亡。 到达[到達] dao4da2 (v.) arrive; reach•到达的时间•火车几点到达?•火车很快就到达。 脚踏车[腳踏車] jiao3ta4che1 dialect bicycle 公共汽车[公共汽車] gong1gong4 qi4che1 (n.) bus•坐公共汽车去长城•我的老家有很多公共汽车。 公共汽车站[公共汽車站] gong1gong4qi4che1zhan4 1 bus stop 2 bus station 公共汽车上司机[公共汽車上司機] gong1gong4qi4che1shang4si1ji1 busman 换[換] huan4 (v.) exchange; change•换钱•在哪可以换钱?•在很多旅馆都可以换钱。 开车[開車] kai1che1 (v.o.) drive (car, bus, train)•开车去玩•开车去度假 赶快[趕快] gan3kuai4 adverb at once; quickly 趕快跟我走。 Gǎnkuài gēn wǒ zǒu. Come along with me at once. 趕快把這塊地收完。 Gǎnkuài bǎ zhè kuài dì shōu wán. Let's finish harvesting this plot quickly. 趕快! Gǎnkuài! Be quick! or Hurry up! 摩托车[摩託車] mo2tuo1che1 motorcycle; motor bicycle; motorbike 摩托车的士[摩托車的士] mo2tuo1che1di2shi4 motorcycle taxi 单程票[單程票] dan1cheng2piao4 one-way ticket 往返[往返] wang3fan3 (n.) round-trip返: (v.) return•一张往返票•北京至上海的往返航班•你买单程票还是往返票? 旅行[旅行] lü3xing2 (v.) travel•旅行团•他经常外出旅行。 有轨电车[有軌電車] you3gui3 dian4che1 tramcar; streetcar 乘[乘] cheng2 1 ride 乘公共汽車 chéng gōnggòng qìchē ride in a bus; go by bus 乘出租汽車到火車站去 chéng chūzū qìchē dào huǒchēzhàn qù take a taxi to the railway station 乘火車(飛機、輪船)旅行 chéng huǒchē (fēijī, lúnchuán) lǚxíng travel by train (plane, boat) 他們乘車前往賓館。 Tāmen chéngchē qiánwǎng bīnguǎn. They drove to the guesthouse. 2 take advantage of; avail oneself of 乘夜出擊 Chéng yè chūjī attack under cover of night 乘敵不備 chéngdíbùbèi take the enemy unawares 3 Buddhist teaching considered as a vehicle for bringing the truth to men ▶ 大乘 dàchéng , 小乘 xiǎochéng mathematics multiply 五乘三等於十五。 Wǔ chéng sān děngyú shíwǔ. Five times three is fifteen. or 5 multiplied by 3 is 15. See 乘shèng 出租车[出租車] chu1zu1che1 (n.) taxi•出租(汽)车•出租车司机•请帮我叫一辆出租车。 票[票] piao4 (n.) ticket•飞机票•汽车票•电影票 调动[調動] diao4dong4 (v.) transfer to, trigger, move (eg. – troops) 转机[轉機] zhuan3ji1 1 a favourable turn; a turn for the better 他的病有了轉機。 Tā de bìng yǒu le zhuǎnjī. The patient has taken a turn for the better. or His condition is improving. 戰局出現轉機。 Zhànjú chūxiàn zhuǎnjī. The war situation was improving. 2 change planes 车轮[車輪] che1lun2 wheel (of a vehicle) 出生证[出生證] chu1sheng1zheng4 birth certificate 出生证明[出生證明] chu1sheng1zheng4ming2 birth certificate M: 張zhāng [張] 出生证明书[出生證明書] chu1sheng1zheng4ming2shu1 birth certificate M: 張zhāng [張] 公民[公民] gong1min2 (n.) citizen•中国公民•美国公民•公民享有的权利 社区[社區] she4qu1 (n.) community•社区服务•旧金山华人社区•这个社区既安静又安全。 驾驶执照[駕駛執照] jia4shi3 zhi2zhao4 driving (or driver's) license 政府[政府] zheng4fu3 (n.) government•中国政府•美国政府•省政府•市政府 国际[國際] guo2ji4 (adj.) international•国际旅客•国际新闻•国际旅行 国籍[國籍] guo2ji2 nationality; citizenship 你是哪國國籍? Nǐ shì nǎ guó guójí? What's your nationality? 他是中國國籍。 Tā shì Zhōngguó guójí. He has Chinese nationality (or is of Chinese nationality). 選擇國籍 Xuǎnzé guójí choose one's nationality 保留中國國籍 bǎoliú Zhōngguó guójí retain one's Chinese citizenship 國籍不明的飛機 guójí bùmíng de fēijī an unidentified aircraft 护照[護照] hu4zhao4 (n.) passport•美国护照•中国护照•护照号码 警察[警察] jing3cha2 (n.) police•你愿意当警察吗?•警察局•交通警察 头衔[頭銜] tou2xian2 title (a sign of rank, profession, etc.) 证明书[證明書] zheng4ming2shu1 certificate; testimonial 質量證明書 zhìliàng zhèngmíngshū certificate of quality 產地證明書 chǎndì zhèngmíngshū certificate of origin 健康證明書 jiànkāng zhèngmíngshū health certificate 公民身份证[公民身份證] gong1min2shen1fen1zheng4 citizen identity card 法院[法院] fa3yuan4 (n.) court•最高法院•如果你的邻居继续这样做,你可以去法院告他。•法院正在开庭。 旗[旗] qi2 flag; banner; standard 旗杆上掛著一面旗。 Qígān shàng guà zhe yī miàn qí. A flag is attached to the pole. 1 of the “Eight Banners” (八旗) ▶ 在旗 zàiqí 2 banner, an administrative division of county level in the Inner Monggol Autonomous Region 阿巴嘎旗 Ā bā gá qí the Abga Banner 移民[移民] yi2min2 (v.) migrate, emigrate•移民美国•移民国家•把高技能移民名额削减14% 法律[法律] fa3lü4 (n.) law•他上大学学的是法律,毕业后当了律师, 在律师事务所工作。•法律服务 公证[公證] gong1zheng4 notarization 允许[允許] yun3xu3 (v.) permit 社会[社會] she4hui4 (n.) society, community•大学生走入社会可以学到很多书本上没有的知识。 投票[投票] tou2piao4 (v.o.) vote, cast a vote // Gospel/Other Useful Vocab for Missionaries/Eating and Food 咬[咬] yao3 1 bite; snap at 咬不動 yǎobudòng too tough to bite (or chew) 咬一口 yǎo yī kǒu take a bite 被蛇咬了 bèi shé yǎo le be bitten by a snake 被瘋狗咬死 bèi fēnggǒu yǎo sǐ be bitten to death by a mad dog 我吃飯吃得太快, 咬著舌頭了。 Wǒ chī fàn chī de tài kuài, yǎo zhe shétou le. I ate too fast and bit my tongue. 2 grip; bite 這個舊螺母咬不住扣兒了。 Zhè ge jiù luómǔ yǎo bùzhù kòur le. This old nut won't bite (or grip). 雙方比分一直咬得很緊。 Shuāngfāng bǐfēn yīzhí yǎo de hěn jǐn. The score was very close throughout the match. 3 (of a dog) bark 雞叫狗咬 Jī jiào gǒu yǎo cocks crow and dogs bark 4 incriminate another person (usu. innocent) when blamed or interrogated 別咬好人。 Bié yǎo hǎorén. Don't implicate the innocent. 5 dialect corrode (metals); irritate (the skin) 我最怕漆咬。 Wǒ zuì pà qī yǎo. I'm allergic to paint. or My skin is allergic to paint. 這把刀埋在地裡讓土咬了。 Zhè bǎ dāo mái zài dì lǐ ràng tǔ yǎo le. The knife had been buried in the ground and was corroded. 6 pronounce; articulate 這個字他咬不准。 Zhège zì tā yǎo bù zhǔn. He can't pronounce this word correctly. 7 be nitpicking (about the use of words) ▶ 咬字眼兒 yǎozìyǎnr 碗[碗] wan3 (n.) bowl•三碗米饭•一碗汤•两只大碗 早餐[早餐] zao3can1 breakfast 杯子[杯子] bei1zi5 (n.) cup•一个杯子•杯子多少钱一个?•杯子里有水。 喝[喝] he1 (v.) drink•你们喝点儿什么?•我不喝酒。•别喝了。 叉[叉] cha1 1 fork 鋼叉 gāngchā steel fork 乾草叉 gāncǎochā hayfork; pitchfork 餐叉 cān chā (table) fork 2 X-sign; cross 在每個錯別字上打個叉 zài měi ge cuò-biézì shàng dǎ ge chā put a cross above each wrongly written word work with a fork; fork 叉草上垛 chā cǎo shàng duò pitch hay onto a stack 叉魚 chā yú spear fish See 叉chá 叉chǎ 饥饿[飢餓] ji1e4 hungry; starved 掙扎在飢餓線上 Zhēngzhá zài jī'è xiàn shàng struggling along on the verge of starvation 午餐[午餐] wu3can1 midday meal; lunch 勺[勺] shao2 spoon; ladle 一把長柄勺 yī bǎ cháng bǐng sháo a ladle; a dipper shao, later called 市勺 shìsháo, a traditional unit of capacity See also 市勺 shìsháo 晚饭[晚飯] wan3fan4 (n.) dinner•七点吃晚饭•来我家吃晚饭! 甜[甜] tian2 (adj.) sweet•喜欢吃甜的•甜的东西多吃不好。•那个太甜了。 瓶子[瓶子] ping2zi5 bottle; vase; jar; flask 早饭[早飯] zao3fan4 (n.) breakfast•吃早饭•没吃早饭•明天早上我们去哪儿吃早饭? 嚼[嚼] jiao2 masticate; chew; munch 吃東西好好嚼, 容易消化。 Chī dōngxi hǎohāo jiáo, róngyì xiāohuà. If you chew your food properly it is easier to digest. See 嚼jiào 嚼jué 晚餐[晚餐] wan3can1 (n.) supper, dinner, evening meal 吃[吃] chi1 (v.) eat•吃早饭•吃中饭•你吃饭了吗? 玻璃杯[玻璃杯] bo1li5bei1 glass; tumbler 刀[刀] dao1 1 knife; sword 2 mechanics cutting tool; tool ▶ 銑刀 xǐdāo 3 sth. shaped like a knife 冰刀 bīngdāo ice skates 4 measure word one hundred sheets (of paper) 盘子[盤子] pan2zi5 (n.) plate•我这儿有一些碗、盘子、筷子和勺子。 汤匙[湯匙] tang1chi2 tablespoon; soupspoon 吞[吞] tun1 1 swallow; gulp down 把藥丸吞下去 Bǎ yàowán tūn xiàqu swallow the pills 一口吞掉 yī kǒu tūn diào gobble up in one go; devour in one gulp 2 take possession of; annex ▶ 獨吞 dútūn 渴[渴] ke3 1 thirsty 我有點渴了。 Wǒ yǒu diǎn kě le. I'm gettimg a little thirsty. 渴死了 Kě sǐ le be dying of thirst 這裡有開水, 渴了請隨便喝。 Zhèlǐ yǒu kāishuǐ, kě le qǐng suíbiàn hē. Here's some boiled water. Have some whenever you're thirsty. 2 yearningly ▶ 渴念 kěniàn 啤酒[啤酒] pi2jiu3 (n.) beer•一瓶青岛啤酒•我不能喝啤酒。•啤酒没关系。 咖啡[咖啡] ka1fei1 (n.) coffee•咖啡厅•多喝咖啡对身体不好。•他买了一些咖啡。 牛奶[牛奶] niu2nai3 milk 茶[茶] cha2 1 tea (the plant or its leaves) 種茶 zhòng chá grow tea 埰茶 cǎichá pick tea (leaves) 這兒產茶。 Zhèr chǎn chá. Tea is produced here. 2 tea (the drink) 沏茶 qīchá make tea 濃(淡)茶 nóng(dàn)chá strong (weak) tea 咱們喝點兒茶吧。 Zánmen hē diǎnr chá ba. Let's have some tea. 請你給我倒杯茶。 Qǐng nǐ gěi wǒ dǎo bēi chá. Please give me a cup of tea. 3 certain kinds of drink or liquid food 杏仁茶 xìngrénchá almond paste 葡萄酒[葡萄酒] pu2tao5jiu3 grape wine; wine 饮料[飲料] yin3liao4 (n.) beverage•你们的饮料•饮料不要钱。•喝点饮料吧。 果汁[果汁] guo3zhi1 fruit juice 汽水[汽水] qi4shui3 (n.) soda•两罐汽水•汽水多喝不好。•买点儿汽水吧。 水[水] shui3 1 water 請給我一杯水, Qǐng gěi wǒ yī bēi shuǐ, Give me a glass of water, please. 2 river 漢水 Hànshuǐ the Han River 3 a general term for rivers, lakes, seas, etc.; water 水陸運輸 shuǐ-lù yùnshū land and water transportation 水平如鏡。 Shuǐpíngrújìng. The surface of the water is as smooth as a mirror. 4 a liquid ▶ 汽水 qìshuǐ , 藥水 yàoshuǐ 5 extra charges or incomes ▶ 貼水 tiēshuǐ , 外水 wàishuǐ 6 measure word washing (of a garment) 這件襯衫洗了三水了。 Zhè jiàn chènshān xǐ le sān shuǐ le. This shirt has gone through three washings. 7 (Shuǐ) a surname 冬瓜[冬瓜] dong1gua1 wax gourd; white gourd 咸肉[鹹肉] xian2rou4 salted meat; bacon 牛肉[牛肉] niu2rou4 beef 牛肉汁 niú ròuzhī beef extract 鱼肉[魚肉] yu2rou4 1 the flesh of fish 2 (yú-ròu) fish and meat ▶ 人為刀俎, 我為魚肉 rén wéi dāo-zǔ, wǒ wéi yú-ròu 3 cut up like fish and meat - cruelly oppress 反動官吏魚肉百姓。 Fǎndòng guānlì yúròu bǎixìng. The reactionary officials savagely oppressed the people. 火腿[火腿] huo3tui3 ham 肉[肉] rou4 (n.) meat•我吃鸡肉, 不吃牛肉。•猪肉比牛肉好吃。 香肠[香腸] xiang1chang2 sausage 火鸡[火雞] huo3ji1 turkey 培根[培根] pei2gen1 bacon (loanword) 鸡肉[雞肉] ji1rou4 chicken (as food) 热狗[熱狗] re4gou3 hot dog 猪肉[豬肉] zhu1rou4 pork 牛排[牛排] niu2pai2 beefsteak 苹果[蘋果] ping2guo3 (n.) apple•三斤苹果•要多吃苹果。•苹果就不买了。 花椰菜[花椰菜] hua1ye1cai4 cauliflower 椰菜[椰菜] ye1cai4 1 cabbage 2 broccoli 3 cauliflower 胡萝卜[胡蘿卜] hu2luo2bo5 carrot 玉米[玉米] yu4mi3 (n.) corn•玉米面•玉米地•种玉米 茄子[茄子] qie2zi5 eggplant; aubergine 葡萄[葡萄] pu2tao5 (n.) grape•葡萄酒•葡萄园•酸葡萄 洋葱[洋蔥] yang2cong1 onion 柳橙[柳橙] liu3cheng2 orange (fruit) 桃子[桃子] tao2zi5 peach 菠萝[菠蘿] bo1luo2 pineapple 土豆[土豆] tu3dou4 (n.) potato•种土豆•土豆泥•土豆烧牛肉 菠菜[菠菜] bo1cai4 (n.) spinach•两把菠菜•菠菜多少钱一把?•菠菜不好吃。 番茄[番茄] fan1qie2 tomato 番茄醬 fānqiéjiàng tomato ketchup (or catsup); tomato sauce 番茄汁 fānqiézhī tomato juice 蔬菜[蔬菜] shu1cai4 (n.) vegetable•那儿的蔬菜•多吃点蔬菜。•蔬菜对身体好。 香蕉[香蕉] xiang1jiao1 (n.) banana•两串香蕉•吃香蕉好。•买点儿香蕉吧。 卷心菜[捲心菜] juan3xin1cai4 dialect cabbage 芹菜[芹菜] qin2cai4 celery 黄瓜[黃瓜] huang2gua1 cucumber 水果[水果] shui3guo3 (n.) fruit•买点儿水果•水果现在不贵。•多吃水果好。 剩菜[剩菜] sheng4cai4 leftovers (food) 生菜[生菜] sheng1cai4 1 romaine lettuce; cos lettuce 2 lettuce 桔子[桔子] ju2zi5 (n.) orange (fruit)•两斤桔子•吃桔子不好。•我要买点儿桔子。 橘子[橘子] ju2zi5 tangerine 豌豆[豌豆] wan1dou4 pea 梨[梨] li2 (n.) pear•梨这种水果有止咳的作用。•梨是本地的特产。•这种梨的水分特别大。 凤梨[鳳梨] feng4li2 pineapple (the plant and its fruit) 马铃薯[馬鈴薯] ma3ling2shu3 potato 馬鈴薯晚疫病 mǎlíngshǔ wǎnyìbìng late blight of potato 红薯[紅薯] hong2shu3 common name for 甘薯 gānshǔ 西红柿[西紅柿] xi1hong2shi4 (n.) tomato•西红柿多少钱?•西红柿很好吃。•买西红柿 西瓜[西瓜] xi1gua1 (n.) watermelon•来个西瓜!•西瓜现在很便宜。•多吃点西瓜。 黄油[黃油] huang2you2 1 chemistry grease 黃油槍 huángyóu qiāng grease gun 2 butter 奶酪[奶酪] nai3lao4 (n.) cheese奶: milk•自制的奶酪•奶酪的吃法 鲜奶油[鮮奶油] xian1nai3you2 1 cream 2 whipped cream 鲜奶[鮮奶] xian1nai3 fresh milk 酸奶[酸奶] suan1nai3 yoghurt; sour milk 奶油[奶油] nai3you2 cream 奶油分離器 nǎiyóu fēnlíqì cream separator 起司[起司] qi3si1 cheese (loanword) (Tw) 优格[優格] you1ge2 yogurt (loanword) 大麦[大麥] da4mai4 barley 燕麦[燕麥] yan4mai4 oats 小麦[小麥] xiao3mai4 (n.) wheat麦: general name for wheat, barley, etc.; wheat•小麦产量•小麦产区•收购小麦 面包[麵包] mian4bao1 bread 谷类[穀類] gu3lei4 1 cereal 2 grain 大米[大米] da4mi3 (husked) rice 蛋糕[蛋糕] dan4gao1 (n.) cake 巧克力[巧克力] qiao3ke4li4 chocolate 果仁巧克力 Guǒrén qiǎokèlì nut chocolate 酒心巧克力 jiǔ xīn qiǎokèlì whisky heart chocolate 巧克力餅乾 qiǎokèlì bǐnggān chocolate biscuit 巧克力棒[巧克力棒] qiao3 ke4 li4 bang4 chocolar bar 巧克力糖[巧克力糖] qiao3ke4li4tang2 chocolates 巧克力蛋糕[巧克力蛋糕] qiao3 ke4 li4 dan4gao1 chocolate cake 冰淇淋[冰淇淋] bing1qi2lin2 (n.) ice cream•冰淇淋的做法•各种品牌的冰淇淋•各种风味的冰淇淋 馅饼[餡餅] xian4bing3 1 meat pie 2 pie 3 pasty 薯片[薯片] shu3pian4 potato chip 炸薯片[炸薯片] zha2shu3pian4 potato chip 品客[品客] Pin3ke4 Pringles (potato chip brand) 饼干[餅乾] bing3gan1 biscuit; cracker 坚果[堅果] jian1guo3 botany nut 爆米花[爆米花] bao4mi3hua1 1 puffed rice 2 popcorn 布丁[布丁] bu4ding1 pudding 牛肉面[牛肉麵] niu2rou4mian4 beef noodle soup 油条[油條] you2tiao2 (n.) long, deep-fried dough stick•炸油条•油条的传统制法•豆浆油条 蛋[蛋] dan4 1 egg 2 an egg-shaped thing 泥蛋兒 ní dànr mud ball 炸鸡[炸雞] zha2ji1 fried chicken 炒米饭[炒米飯] chao3 mi3fan4 fried rice 酸辣汤[酸辣湯] suan1la4tang1 vinegar-pepper soup 煎饼[煎餅] jian1bing5 thin pancake made of millet flour, etc. 比萨[比薩] bi3sa4 pizza (loanword) 锅贴[鍋貼] guo1tie1 1 fried dumpling 2 pot sticker 色拉[色拉] se4la1 salad 三明治[三明治] san1ming2zhi4 sandwich 豆浆[豆漿] dou4jiang1 (n.) soybean milk•豆浆摊•豆浆店•豆浆机•豆浆有很好的减肥作用。 春卷[春捲] chun1juan3 spring roll (a thin sheet of dough, rolled, stuffed and fried) 吐司[吐司] tu3si1 sliced bread (loanword from "toast") 馄饨[餛飩] hun2tun5 won ton; dumpling soup 砂锅[砂鍋] sha1guo1 1 casserole 2 earthenware pot 麦片[麥片] mai4pian4 oatmeal 麥片粥 màipiànzhōu oatmeal porridge; oatmeal 饺子[餃子] jiao3zi5 (n.) dumpling•包些饺子•北方人喜欢吃饺子。•饺子不好吃。 薯条[薯條] shu3tiao2 1 french fries 2 french fried potatoes 3 chips 炒面[炒麵] chao3mian4 1 fried noodles with shredded meat and vegetables; chow mein 2 parched flour 米粉[米粉] mi3fen3 1 ground rice; rice flour 2 rice-flour noodles 面条[麵條] mian4tiao2 noodles 意大利面[意大利麵] Yi4da4li4mian4 1 spaghetti 2 pasta 白米[白米] bai2mi3 (polished) rice 白米飯 báimǐfàn (cooked) rice 沙拉[沙拉] sha1la1 salad 汤[湯] tang1 1 hot water; boiling water ▶ 溫湯浸種 wēntāng jìnzhǒng 2 (usu. used as part of a place name) hot springs 3 water in which sth. has been boiled 餃子湯 jiǎozi tāng jiaozi water 姜湯 jiāngtāng ginger tea 4 soup; broth 雞湯 jītāng chicken soup 三菜一湯 sān cài yī tāng soup and three other courses 喝點兒湯吧。 Hē diǎnr tāng ba. Have some soup. 5 a liquid preparation of medicinal herbs; decoction 柴胡湯 Cháihú tāng a decoction of Chinese thorowax root (with other ingredients) 6 (Tāng) a surname 包子[包子] bao1zi5 steamed stuffed bun 蛋奶烘餅[蛋奶烘餅] dan4nai3 hong1bing3 waffle 华夫饼干[華夫餅乾] hua2fu1bing3gan1 waffle 桂皮[桂皮] gui4pi2 1 cassia-bark tree; Chinese cinnamon tree 2 cassia; cassia bark; Chinese cinnamon 料酒[料酒] liao4jiu3 cooking wine 面粉[麵粉] mian4fen3 wheat flour; flour 生姜[生姜] sheng1jiang1 informal ginger 成分[成分] cheng2fen5 1 composition; component part; ingredient 化學成分 Huàxué chéngfen chemical composition 肥料的成分 féiliào de chéngfen the composition of a fertilizer 2 one's class status; one's profession or economic status 定成分 dìng chéngfen determine sb.'s class status 成分好, 出身好 chéngfen hǎo, chūshēn hǎo of good class status and family background 肉桂[肉桂] rou4gui4 botany cinnamon tree; Chinese cinnamon tree; cassia-bark tree (Cinnamomum cassia) 五香粉[五香粉] wu3xiang1fen3 five spices powder 大蒜[大蒜] da4suan4 garlic 一頭大蒜 yī tóu dàsuàn a head of garlic 蜂蜜[蜂蜜] feng1mi4 (n.) honey 配料[配料] pei4liao4 1 mix ingredients according to a recipe; get materials ready (for the manufacture of sth.) in the right proportion 2 metallurgy burden 高爐配料 gāolú pèiliào blast-furnace burden 配料表 pèiliào biǎo burden sheet 配料計算 pèiliào jìsuàn burden calculation 果酱[果醬] guo3jiang4 jam (as made of preserves) 味精[味精] wei4jing1 monosodium glutamate; gourmet powder; MSG 油[油] you2 1 oil; fat; grease; petroleum 攤雞蛋要多放點油。 Tān jīdàn yào duō fàng diǎn yóu. You have to put in more oil when making an omelet. 汽車該加油了。 Qìchē gāi jiāyóu le. The car's engine is in need of oil. 2 apply tung oil, varnish, or paint 油門窗 Yóu mén-chuāng paint the doors and windows 3 oily; greasy; stained or smeared with oil or grease 這炖肉太油了。 Zhè dùn ròu tài yóu le. The stewed pork is too greasy. 你的上衣油了。 Nǐ de shàngyī yóu le. Your coat has got oil stains on it. 4 oily; glib 這家伙嘴油得很。 Zhè jiāhuo zuǐ yóu de hěn. That fellow has a very glib tongue. 這個人油極了。 Zhège rén yóu jíle. That chap is much too slippery (or tricky). 他打麻將打得可油了。 Tā dǎ májiàng dǎ de kě yóu le. He is an old hand at mahjong. 胡椒[胡椒] hu2jiao1 pepper 糖[糖] tang2 another name for 碳水化合物 tànshuǐ huàhéwù 1 sugar 咖啡裡少擱點兒糖。 Kāfēi lǐ shǎo gē diǎnr táng. Don't put too much sugar in the coffee. 你喝茶擱糖嗎? Nǐ hēchá gē táng ma? Do you take sugar in your tea? 2 sweets; candy; sweetmeats 一袋糖 yī dài táng a bag of sweets 吃塊糖。 Chī kuài táng. Have a candy. 番茄酱[番茄醬] fan1qie2jiang4 1 ketchup 2 tomato sauce 芥末[芥末] jie4mo5 mustard 花生浆[花生漿] hua1sheng1jiang4 1 peanut butter 2 also written 花生醬 花生酱[花生醬] hua1sheng1jiang4 peanut butter 盐[鹽] yan2 1 table salt; salt 加點兒鹽 jiā diǎnr yán add a little salt 2 chemistry salt (a product formed by the neutralization of an acid by a base) 酸式鹽 suānshìyán acid salt 鹼式鹽 jiǎnshìyán basic salt 香油[香油] xiang1you2 sesame oil 酱油[醬油] jiang4you2 soy sauce; soy 醋[醋] cu4 1 vinegar 2 jealousy (as in a love affair) 煮沸[煮沸] zhu3fei4 to boil 盒子[盒子] he2zi5 1 box; case; casket 2 same as 盒子槍 héziqiāng 罐头[罐頭] guan4tou5 1 dialect pot; jar; pitcher; jug 2 tinned (or canned) food 吃罐頭 chī guàntou eat tinned (or canned) food 罐頭牛肉 guàntou niúròu tinned (or canned) beef 煮[煮] zhu3 boil; cook 煮雞蛋 zhǔjīdàn boil eggs or boiled eggs 煮飯 zhǔfàn cook rice 肥[肥] fei2 1 fat 肥豬 féizhū a big porker 這肉太肥了。 Zhè ròu tài féi le. The meat is too fat. 2 fertile; rich 這裡的地肥極了。 Zhèlǐ de dì féi jíle. The soil here is extremely fertile. 3 fertilize ▶ 肥田粉 féitiánfěn 4 fertilizer; manure 上點兒肥 Shàng diǎnr féi spread some manure on the soil 這些花缺肥。 Zhèxiē huā quē féi. The flowers are in need of fertilizer. 5 become rich by illegal means or income 6 loose-fitting; loose; large 這條褲子太肥了。 Zhè tiáo kùzi tài féi le. These trousers are too baggy. 平底锅[平底鍋] ping2di3guo1 frying pan 倒[倒] dao4 1 upside down; inverted; inverse; reverse 次序倒了。 Cìxù dào le. The order is reversed. 小孩把畫掛倒了。 Xiǎohái bǎ huà guà dào le. The child hung the picture upside down. 2 move backwards; turn upside down 火車倒回去了。 Huǒchē dào huíqu le. The train backed up. 3 pour; tip 倒一杯茶 dào yī bēi chá pour a cup of tea 倒垃圾 dào lājī tip (or dump) rubbish 他把一肚子冤屈都倒了出來。 Tā bǎ yī dùzi yuānqū dōu dào le chūlai. He poured out all his grievances. adverb 1 (indicating sth. unexpected) 本想省事, 沒想倒費事了。 Běn xiǎng shěngshì, méi xiǎng dào fèishì le. We wanted to save ourselves some trouble but actually we gave ourselves more. 你還有什麼要說的, 我倒要聽聽。 Nǐ hái yǒu shénme yào shuō de, wǒ dào yào tīngting. I'd like to hear what else you've got to say. 2 (indicating contrast) 你說得倒容易, 做起來可不容易。 Nǐ shuō de dào róngyì, zuò qǐlai kě bù róngyì. It's easy for you to say that, but it's not so easy to do it. or That's easier said than done. 3 (indicating concession) 我跟他認識倒認識, 就是不太熟。 Wǒ gēn tā rènshi dào rènshi, jiùshì bù tài shú. Yes, I know him, but not very well. 那本書好倒是好, 可是太貴。 Nà běn shū hǎo dàoshi hǎo, kě shì tài guì. That book is good all right, but it's too expensive. 4 (used to press sb. for an answer) 你倒去不去呀! Nǐ dào qù bù qù ya! Do you want to go or don't you? 你倒是說話呀! Nǐ dàoshi shuōhuà ya! Can't you say something? See 倒dǎo 搅动[攪動] jiao3dong4 mix; stir 拿棍子攪動灰漿 ná gùnzi jiǎodòng huījiāng stir the plaster with a stick 搅拌器[攪拌器] jiao3ban4qi4 stirrer; agitator 箱子[箱子] xiang1zi5 (n.) chest; box; case; trunk, etc.•紙箱子•旅行箱子•木箱子 开罐器[開罐器] kai1guan4qi4 opener 切[切] qie1 1 cut; slice 切菜 qiē cài cut up vegetables 切肉 qiēròu slice meat 切開西瓜 qiēkāi xīguā cut a watermelon open 切成兩半 qiē chéng liǎng bàn cut sth. into halves 2 mathematics tangency See 切qiè 量杯[量杯] liang2bei1 measuring glass; graduate 搅拌[攪拌] jiao3ban4 (v.) stir 锅[鍋] guo1 1 pot, pan, boiler, cauldron, etc. 兩口大鍋 Liǎng kǒu dà guō two cauldrons 炒菜鍋 chǎocài guō wok 2 bowl (of a pipe, etc.) ▶ 煙鍋 yānguō 蒸汽[蒸汽] zheng1qi4 steam 蒸汽發生器 zhēngqì fāshēngqì steam generator 蒸汽供曖 zhēngqì gōng ài steam heating 蒸汽鍋爐 zhēngqì guōlú steam boiler 蒸汽機車 zhēngqì jīchē steam locomotive 蒸汽絞車 zhēngqì jiǎochē steam winch 过滤器[過濾器] guo4lü4qi4 filter // Gospel/Other Useful Vocab for Missionaries/Entertainment, Free Time, and Holidays 露营[露營] lu4ying2 camp (out); encamp; bivouac 电脑[電腦] dian4nao3 (n.) computer•他是学电脑专业的。•电脑技术•电脑软件 做饭[做飯] zuo4fan4 do the cooking; prepare a meal 做飯的 zuòfàn de a cook 运动[運動] yun4dong4 (n.) sports; athletics•运动鞋•运动会•喜欢运动 看书[看書] kan4shu1 1 to read 2 to study 旅行[旅行] lü3xing2 (v.) travel•旅行团•他经常外出旅行。 收集[收集] shou1ji2 collect; gather 收集民間驗方 Shōují mínjiān yànfāng collect time-tested folk prescriptions 收集廢鐵 shōují fèitiě collect scrap iron 计算机[計算機] ji4suan4ji1 (n.) computer•计算机科学•计算机软件•计算机市场 跳舞[跳舞] tiao4wu3 (v.o.) dance•跳舞是很好的锻炼。•她跳舞跳得很好。 徒步旅行[徒步旅行] tu2bu4lü3xing2 hiking 阅读[閱讀] yue4du2 read 閱讀雜志 yuèdú zázhì read magazines 演员[演員] yan3yuan2 (n.) actor or actress; performer•男演员•女演员•著名电影演员 芭蕾舞[芭蕾舞] ba1lei3wu3 ballet 跳芭蕾舞 tiào bālěiwǔ dance ballet 电影[電影] dian4ying3 (n.) movie•中国电影•看一部好电影 音乐[音樂] yin1yue4 (n.) music•听音乐•喜欢听音乐•中国音乐 戏剧[戲劇] xi4ju4 (n.) drama, play, theatre 戏院[戲院] xi4yuan4 theatre 旅游[旅遊] lü3you2 (v.) tour•他每年都去外地旅游一、两次。 音乐会[音樂會] yin1yue4hui4 (n.) concert•开音乐会•办音乐会•听音乐会 博物馆[博物館] bo2wu4guan3 (n.) museum•华盛顿有几个很有名的博物馆。•自然博物馆•海洋博物馆•历史博物馆 京剧[京劇] jing1ju4 (n.) Beijing opera 节目[節目] jie2mu4 (n.) program, item•今天的晚会上都有什么节目?•节目单•节目预报 票[票] piao4 (n.) ticket•飞机票•汽车票•电影票 球[球] qiu2 1 sphere; globe ▶ 球體 qiútǐ 2 anything shaped like a ball ▶ 雪球 xuěqiú 3 ball game; match 看球去。 Kàn qiú qù. Let's go to watch the game. 4 the globe; the earth ▶ 地球 dìqiú ball (used in games) 傳球 chuán qiú pass a ball 篮球[籃球] lan2qiu2 (n.) basketball•打篮球•篮球比赛•篮球明星 美式足球[美式足球] Mei3shi4zu2qiu2 American football 比赛[比賽] bi3sai4 (n.) competition•参加比赛•看比赛•比赛日程 打[打] da3 1 strike; hit; knock 打門 dǎmén knock at the door 打稻子 dǎ dàozi thresh rice 鐘打了十下。 Zhōng dǎ le shí xià. The clock struck ten. 2 break; smash 我打了一個碗。 Wǒ dǎ le yī ge wǎn. I broke a bowl. 窗玻璃打破了。 Chuāngbōli dǎpò le. The windowpane is broken. 3 beat; fight; attack 不許打他! Bùxǔ dǎ tā! You mustn't beat him! 兩個人打了起來。 Liǎng ge rén dǎ le qǐlai. The two men came to blows. 他們又打下了一座縣城。 Tāmen yòu dǎxià le yī zuò xiànchéng. They've captured another town. 打硬仗 dǎ yìngzhàng fight a hard battle 你們打得好。 Nǐmen dǎ de hǎo. You're putting up a good fight. 4 deal with sb. or sth. ▶ 打交道 dǎ jiāodao , 打官司 dǎ guānsi 5 construct; build 打壩 Dǎ bà construct a dam 打田埂 dǎ tiángěng build low ridges between paddy fields 6 make (articles of daily use or food) 打一把刀 dǎ yī bǎ dāo forge a knife 打家具 dǎ jiāju make furniture 打燒餅 dǎ shāobing make sesame seed cakes 7 mix; stir; beat 打雞蛋 dǎ jīdàn beat eggs 打糨子 dǎ jiàngzi mix paste 8 tie up; pack 打行李 dǎ xíngli pack one's luggage; pack up 打成一捆 dǎ chéng yī kǔn tie (things) up in a bundle 打裹腳 dǎ guǒ jiǎo wind a puttee 9 knit; weave 打草鞋 dǎ cǎoxié weave straw sandals 打毛衣 dǎ máoyī knit a sweater 10 draw; paint; make a mark on 打方格兒 dǎ fānggér draw squares 打手印 dǎ shǒuyìn put one's fingerprint on a document 打一個問號 dǎ yī ge wènhào put a question mark; put a query 11 spray; spread 打農藥 dǎ nóngyào spray insecticide 在地板上打蠟 zài dìbǎn shàng dǎlà wax the floor 12 open; dig 打井 dǎjǐng dig (or sink) a well 打炮眼 dǎ pàoyǎn drill a blasting hole 13 hold up; hoist; raise 打燈籠 dǎ dēnglong carry a lantern 打傘 dǎsǎn hold up an umbrella 打起精神來 dǎ qǐ jīngshén lái raise one's spirits; cheer up 14 send; dispatch; project 打電報 dǎ diànbào send a telegram 打電話 dǎ diànhuà make a phone call 打信號 dǎ xìnhào give a signal; signal 打炮 dǎpào fire a cannon 打手電 dǎ shǒudiàn flash a torch 15 issue or receive (a certificate, etc.) 打介紹信 dǎ jièshàoxìn write a letter of introduction (for sb.); get a letter of introduction (from one's organization) 16 remove; get rid of 打蛔蟲 dǎ huíchóng take medicine to get rid of roundworms; take worm medicine 17 ladle; draw 打粥 dǎ zhōu ladle gruel 打一盆水 dǎ yī pén shuǐ fetch a basin of water 從井裡打水 cóng jǐng lǐ dǎ shuǐ draw water from a well 18 buy 打醬油 dǎ jiàngyóu buy soy sauce (in a small quantity with one's own container) 打票 dǎpiào buy a (train, bus, etc.) ticket 打五分錢的醋 dǎ wǔfēn qián de cù buy vinegar for five fen 19 catch; hunt 打魚 dǎyú catch fish 打鳥 dǎ niǎo shoot birds 打野鴨 dǎ yěyā go duck-hunting 20 gather in; collect; reap 打柴 dǎchái gather firewood 打了八百斤麥子 dǎ le bābǎi jīn màizi get in 800 jin of wheat 21 estimate; calculate; reckon 成本打二百塊錢 chéngběn dǎ èrbǎi kuài qián estimate (or reckon) the cost at 200 yuan 損耗已經打進去了。 Sǔnhào yǐjing dǎ jìnqu le. Allowances have been made for damages. 22 work out 打草稿 dǎ cǎogǎo work out a draft 23 do; engage in 打短工 dǎ duǎngōng work as a day or seasonal labourer; be a temporary worker 打夜班 dǎ yèbān go on night shift 24 play 打籃球 dǎ lánqiú play basketball 打撲克 dǎ pūkè play cards 打秋千 dǎ qiūqiān have a swing 25 go through (some physical action) 打手勢 dǎ shǒushì make a gesture; gesticulate 打噴嚏 dǎ pēntì sneeze 打個跟斗 dǎ ge gēndou turn (or do) a somersault 26 adopt; use 打個比方 dǎ ge bǐfang draw an analogy 27 (used to give a clue to the answer when setting a riddle) 畫時圓, 寫時方;寒時短, 熱時長。--打一字。(謎底:日) huà shí yuán, xiě shí fāng ; hán shí duǎn, rè shí cháng. -- Dǎ yī zì. (Mídǐ : rì) When drawn it is round, but when written it is square; in cold weather it is short, and in hot weather long. - A character. (Answer: the character 日 “sun, day”) preposition from; since 打那以後 dǎ nà yǐhòu since then 你打哪兒來? Nǐ dǎ nǎr lái? Where have you come from? 他打門縫裡往外看。 Tā dǎ ménfèng lǐ wǎng wài kàn. He looked out through the crack in the door. 他打心眼裡感到高興。 Tā dǎ xīnyǎn lǐ gǎndào gāoxìng. It warmed the cockles of his heart. See 打dá 玩耍[玩耍] wan2shua3 play; have fun; amuse oneself 自行车[自行車] zi4xing2che1 (n.) bicycle•我打算买一部新自行车。•我每天骑自行车上班。 骑[騎] qi2 (v.) ride•骑自行车去学校上课•我会骑马。 跑[跑] pao3 1 run 他跑得很快。 Tā pǎo de hěn kuài. He can run very fast. 跑上前去迎接客人 Pǎo shàng qián qù yíngjiē kèren run forward to meet the guests 每天早晨練慢跑 měitiān zǎochen liàn màn pǎo do jogging every morning 火車在飛跑。 Huǒchē zài fēipǎo. The train is racing along. 2 run a race 跑百米 Pǎo bǎi mǐ run (or take part in) the 100-metre dash 跑接力賽的第一棒 pǎo jiēlìsài de dì-yī bàng run the first leg of the relay 跑第二 pǎo dì-èr run second 3 run away; escape; flee 別讓壞蛋跑了。 Bié ràng huàidàn pǎo le. See that the scoundrel doesn't escape. 暴風雨快來了, 你還是趕緊跑吧! Bàofēngyǔ kuài lái le, nǐ háishi gǎnjǐn pǎo ba! A storm is coming up. You'd better cut and run. 4 dialect walk; stroll 他們通常吃過晚飯出去跑跑路。 Tāmen tōngcháng chī guò wǎnfàn chū qù pǎo pǎo lù. They usually go for a stroll after supper. 我們跑了五里路。 Wǒmen pǎo le wǔ lǐ lù. We walked five li. 5 run about doing sth.; run errands 跑材料 pǎo cáiliào run about collecting material 我跑了好幾家商店, 才找到那種扳手。 Wǒ pǎo le hǎojǐ jiā shāngdiàn, cái zhǎodào nà zhǒng bānshǒu. I had to run around to several shops to get that wrench. 你這輛卡車一天能跑幾個來回? Nǐ zhè liàng kǎchē yī tiān néng pǎo jǐ ge láihuí? How many round trips can your truck make in a day? 6 (of a liquid or gas) leak or evaporate 哎喲, 水管子跑水了。 Āiyō, shuǐ guǎnzi pǎo shuǐ le. Oh, the pipe leaks! 車胎跑氣了。 Chētāi pǎo qì le. The tyre is flat. 汽油跑了半瓶。 Qìyóu pǎo le bàn píng. Half the bottle of gasoline has evaporated. 7 (used as complement to a verb) away; off 一槍把鳥兒都嚇跑了。 Yī qiāng bǎ niǎor dōu xià pǎo le. The shot scared away the birds. 桌上的紙叫風給刮跑了。 Zhuō shàng de zhǐ jiào fēng gěi guā pǎo le. The paper blew off the table. See 跑páo 滑雪[滑雪] hua2xue3 (v.o.) ski•冬天可以滑雪。•我想学滑雪。 垒球[壘球] lei3qiu2 (n.) softball 游泳[游泳] you2yong3 swim 去游泳 qù yóuyǒng go for a swim; go swimming 參加游泳比賽 cānjiā yóuyǒng bǐsài take part in a swimming contest 在游泳中學習游泳 zài yóuyǒng zhōng xuéxí yóuyǒng learn to swim by swimming 网球[網球] wang3qiu2 (n.) tennis•我天天在网球场打网球。•网球运动员•网球手 排球[排球] pai2qiu2 (n.) volleyball•我从小就喜欢打排球。 棒球[棒球] bang4qiu2 baseball 棒球場 bàngqiúchǎng baseball field 爬山[爬山] pa2shan1 (v.o.) climb a mountain•我不喜欢爬山。•爬山可以锻炼身体。 足球[足球] zu2qiu2 (n.) soccer•南美国家的人喜欢足球。•足球队•足球赛•足球运动员 高尔夫[高爾夫] gao1er3fu1 golf (loanword) 踢[踢] ti1 (v.) kick, play (soccer)•踢足球以前要做好热身活动。•马踢人不是新闻;人踢马才是新闻。 竞赛[競賽] jing4sai4 (n.) contest 脚踏车[腳踏車] jiao3ta4che1 dialect bicycle 跑步[跑步] pao3bu4 (v.o.) run•我们每天早晨都跑步锻炼身体。 队[隊] dui4 1 a row of people; line 排成兩隊 pái chéng liǎng duì fall into two lines 2 team; group 籃球隊 lánqiúduì basketball team 3 (short for 少年先鋒隊) Young Pioneers ▶ 隊日 duìrì 4 measure word 一隊戰士 yī duì zhànshì a file of soldiers 扔[扔] reng1 1 throw; toss; cast 扔手榴彈 Rēng shǒuliúdàn throw a hand grenade 扔球 rēng qiú throw (or toss) a ball 敵機扔了幾顆炸彈。 Díjī rēng le jǐ kē zhàdàn. The enemy plane dropped a few bombs. 2 throw away; cast aside 把它扔了吧。 Bǎ tā rēng le ba. Throw it away. 被扔進歷史的垃圾堆 Bèi rēng jìn lìshǐ de lèsèduī be relegated to (or tossed on to ) the rubbish heap of history 這事他早就扔在脖子後邊了。 Zhè shì tā zǎojiù rēng zài bózi hòubian le. He'd clean forgotten about it. 乐队[樂隊] yue4dui4 (n.) orchestra, band 合唱团[合唱團] he2chang4tuan2 chorus (a group of singers) 合唱團指揮 héchàngtuán zhǐhuī chorus master 鼓[鼓] gu3 1 drum 打鼓 dǎgǔ beat a drum 鼓聲 gǔshēng drumbeats 2 a thing like a drum ▶ 耳鼓 ěrgǔ 3 beat; strike; sound 鼓琴 gǔ qín play the zither 4 blow with bellows, etc. 鼓風 gǔ fēng work a bellows 5 rouse; agitate; pluck up 鼓起勇氣 gǔqǐ yǒngqì pluck up (or muster) one's courage 6 bulge; swell 錢包很鼓。 Qiánbāo hěn gǔ. The purse is bulging. 把口袋塞得鼓鼓的 Bǎ kǒudài sāi de gǔgǔ de fill one's pockets till they bulge 鼓著嘴 gǔ zhe zuǐ pout 吉他[吉他] ji2ta1 guitar 乐器[樂器] yue4qi4 (n.) musical instruments•他喜欢玩乐器。•乐器工厂•演奏乐器 音符[音符] yin1fu2 music note 风琴[風琴] feng1qin2 organ 彈風琴 tán fēngqín play the organ 唱诗班[唱詩班] chang4shi1ban1 choir 口琴[口琴] kou3qin2 mouth organ; harmonica 课[課] ke4 (n.) class•我们每天有六节中文课。 长笛[長笛] chang2di2 flute 号角[號角] hao4jiao3 1 bugle; horn 2 bugle call 吹響戰鬥的號角 chuī xiǎng zhàndòu de hàojiǎo sound a bugle call for battle 吹響了向科學技術現代化進軍的號角 chuī xiǎng le xiàng kēxué jìshù xiàndàihuà jìnjūn de hàojiǎo sound the clarion call to march towards the modernization of science and technology 管弦乐队[管弦樂隊] guan3xian2 yue4dui4 orchestra 钢琴[鋼琴] gang1qin2 (n.) piano•一架新钢琴•你会修钢琴吗? 演奏[演奏] yan3zou4 give an instrumental performance; play a musical instrument (in a performance) 演奏琵琶 yǎnzòu pípa play the pipa 演奏能手 yǎnzòu néngshǒu virtuoso 唱歌[唱歌] chang4ge1 (v.o.) sing•请你唱一首歌。•饭后,他跟着卡拉OK机唱了一会儿歌。 小提琴[小提琴] xiao3ti2qin2 violin 练习[練習] lian4xi2 (v.) practice, exercise•每天下课后我们练习一个小时的足球。•做练习•练习发音 喇叭[喇叭] la3ba5 1 popular name for 嗩吶 suǒnà 2 brass-wind instruments in general or any of these instruments 3 loudspeaker; horn (in a car) 生日[生日] sheng1ri4 (n.) birthday•哪天是你的生日?四月十号是我的生日。 圣诞节[聖誕節] Sheng4dan4jie2 1 Christmas Day (Dec. 25) 2 Christmastime; Christmastide (Dec. 24- Jan. 6) 装饰品[裝飾品] zhuang1shi4pin3 ornament 端午节[端午節] Duan1wu3jie2 the Dragon Boat Festival (the 5th day of the 5th lunar month) 父亲节[父親節] Fu4qin1jie2 Father's Day 万圣节前夕[萬聖節前夕] Wan4sheng4jie2 Qian2xi1 1 All Saints' Eve 2 Halloween 节日[節日] jie2ri4 (n.) holiday; festival•春节和中秋节都是中国的传统节日。 国际劳动节[國際勞動節] Guo2ji4 Lao2dong4jie2 International Labour Day; May Day (May 1) 聚会[聚會] ju4hui4 1 get together; meet 老戰友聚會在一起, 格外親熱。 Lǎo zhànyǒu jùhuì zài yīqǐ, géwài qīnrè. The meeting of the old comrades-in-arms was extremely cordial. 2 get-together 他們每隔兩個月搞一次聚會。 Tāmen měi gé liǎng ge yuè gǎo yī cì jùhuì. They have a get-together every two months. 中秋节[中秋節] Zhong1qiu1jie2 the Mid-autumn Festival (15th day of the 8th lunar month) 国庆节[國慶節] Guo2qing4jie2 National Day (October 1st) 圣诞老人[聖誕老人] Sheng4dan4 Lao3ren2 Santa Claus 春节[春節] Chun1jie2 (n.) Spring Festival•祝春节快乐!•你计划去哪儿过春节? 庆祝[慶祝] qing4zhu4 (v.) celebrate; celebration•庆祝大会•庆祝活动•庆祝比赛成功 圣诞树[聖誕樹] sheng4dan4shu4 Christmas tree 聚餐[聚餐] ju4can1 dine together (usu. on festive occasions); have a dinner party 复活节[復活節] Fu4huo2jie2 Christianity Easter 礼物[禮物] li3wu4 (n.) gift•这是什么礼物?这是生日礼物。 新年[新年] xin1nian2 (n.) New Year•新年好!•祝新年快乐! 假日[假日] jia4ri4 holiday; day off 新年快乐[新年快樂] xin1nian2kuai4le4 Happy New Year! 母亲节[母親節] Mu3qin1jie2 Mother’s Day (the second Sunday in May) 感恩节[感恩節] Gan3en1jie2 Thanksgiving Day // Gospel/Other Useful Vocab for Missionaries/Medical and Health 过敏[過敏] guo4min3 (v.) have an allergy; be allergic to•过敏药•对花粉过敏•这几天我的过敏又犯了。 烧伤[燒傷] shao1shang1 (v.) burned and injured烧: (v.) burn伤: wound; injury•被严重烧伤•烧伤科•烧伤病人 水痘[水痘] shui3dou4 medicine varicella; chicken pox; water pox 糖尿病[糖尿病] tang2niao4bing4 (n.) diabetes尿: urine•糖尿病人•血糖高跟糖尿病有关。•糖尿病是一种常见的老年病。 心脏病[心臟病] xin1zang4bing4 (n.) heart disease•心脏病专家•他不幸得了心脏病。 流行性[流行性] liu2xing2xing4 epidemic 流行性感冒[流行性感冒] liu2xing2xing4 gan3mao4 influenza; flu 肺炎[肺炎] fei4yan2 (n.) pneumonia•严重的肺炎•肺炎病人•我得了肺炎。 中风[中風] zhong4feng1 (v.) have a stroke; stroke•中风药•听说他去年中了风。•中风以后,他失去了一些语言功能。 有病[有病] you3bing4 to be sick 癌症[癌癥] ai2zheng4 cancer 感冒[感冒] gan3mao4 (n.) catch cold•我得的是感冒。•我的感冒不太厉害。•小心不要感冒。 流感[流感] liu2gan3 (n.) flu•流感的季节•很多人得了流感。•预防流感要多洗手。 麻疹[麻疹] ma2zhen3 measles 出麻疹 chū mázhěn have measles 胃病[胃病] wei4bing4 stomach trouble; gastric disease; gastropathy 抗生素[抗生素] kang4sheng1su4 (n.) antibiotics•医生给我开了些抗生素。•不要随便吃抗生素。•抗生素是治这种感染最有效的药。 绷带[繃帶] beng1dai4 bandage 药[藥] yao4 (n.) medicine; drug•吃药•开药•咳嗽药 药丸[藥丸] yao4wan2 (n.) pill丸: ball; pellet•大大小小的药丸•药丸太大我吃不下去。•这种中药丸很苦。 接种疫苗[接種疫苗] jie1zhong3yi4miao2 vaccination 维他命[維他命] wei2ta1ming4 old name for 維生素 wéishēngsù 维生素[維生素] wei2sheng1su4 vitamin 維生素E wéishēngsù E vitamin E 丁種維生素 dīng zhǒng wéishēngsù vitamin D 維生素缺乏症 wéishēngsù quēfá zhèng vitamin-deficiency; avitaminosis 維生素過多癥 wéishēngsù guòduō zhèng hypervitaminosis 阿司匹林[阿司匹林] a1si1pi3lin2 pharmacy aspirin 止咳糖浆[止咳糖漿] zhi3ke2 tang2jiang1 cough syrup 药片[藥片] yao4pian4 (n.) medicine tablet片: a flat, thin piece; slice; flake•一片药片•中药也可以做成药片。•药片虽然一样大,可是剂量不一样。 止咳[止咳] zhi3ke2 relieve a cough 滴[滴] di1 1 drip 他臉上的汗水直往下滴。 Tā liǎnshàng de hànshuǐ zhí wǎng xià dī. Sweat kept dripping from his face. 往軸承裡滴油 Wǎng zhóuchéng lǐ dī yóu put a few drops of lubricating oil in the bearings; oil the bearings 滴眼藥 dī yǎnyào put drops in one's eyes 2 measure word drop 一滴水 yī dī shuǐ a drop of water 药膏[藥膏] yao4gao1 ointment; salve 打针[打針] da3zhen1 (v.o.) give or have an injection•医生说我需要打针。•护士给我打了一针。•护士给这个小女孩打针时,她一点儿都不怕。 服用[服用] fu2yong4 (v.) take medicine服: take medicine•每天饭后服用•这种药的服用方法很特别。•服用这种药物期间,最好不要吃一些太油腻的食物。 量[量] liang4 1 capacity for tolerance or for taking food or drink ▶ 飯量 fànliàng , 氣量 qìliàng 2 quantity; amount; volume 出口量 Chūkǒu liàng the volume of exports 3 estimate; measure ▶ 量力 liànglì See 量liáng 疼痛[疼痛] teng2tong4 pain; ache; soreness 流血[流血] liu2xue4 (v.) bleed•大规模流血冲突•流血过多•流血牺牲 冷[冷] leng3 (adj.) cold•这个房间不冷。•你家乡的冬天冷吗?不太冷。 咳嗽[咳嗽] ke2sou5 (v.) cough•我咳嗽咳得厉害。•我晚上咳嗽得更厉害。•你咳嗽吗? 咳嗽糖浆[咳嗽糖漿] ke2sou5 tang2jiang1 cough syrup 忧郁[憂鬱] you1yu4 melancholy; heavyhearted; dejected 活力[活力] huo2li4 vigour; vitality; energy 他是個小伙子, 充滿活力。 Tā shì ge xiǎohuǒzi, chōngmǎn huólì. He is a young lad with plenty of vigour. 发烧[發燒] fa1shao1 (v.o.) run a fever烧: run a fever; fever•发高烧•发低烧•我昨天晚上发烧发得厉害。 痛[痛] tong4 1 ache; pain 肚子痛 dùzi tòng have a stomachache 嗓子痛 sǎngzi tòng have a sore throat 覺得很痛 juéde hěn tòng feel a great deal of pain 痛不痛? Tòng bù tòng? Does it hurt? 2 sadness; sorrow ▶ 悲痛 bēitòng 3 extremely; deeply; bitterly ▶ 痛哭 tòngkū 打喷嚏[打噴嚏] da3pen1ti4 (v.o.) sneeze喷嚏: (n.) sneeze•打了一个大喷嚏•不停地打喷嚏•他打喷嚏的声音很大。 喉咙[喉嚨] hou2long2 (n.) throat; larynx•喉咙疼•喉咙肿了•我喉咙疼得吃不了东西。 病征[病徵] bing4zheng1 symptom (of a disease) 病症[病癥] bing4zheng4 disease; illness 累[累] lei4 (adj.) tired •长途飞行很累。 •我现在不太累。 虚弱[虛弱] xu1ruo4 1 in poor health; weak; debilitated 病後身體很虛弱 bìng hòu shēntǐ hěn xūruò suffer from general debility after an illness; be very weak after an illness 爺爺近來的身體越發虛弱了。 Yéye jìnlái de shēntǐ yuèfā xūruò le. Grandfather has been getting feebler lately. 2 weak; feeble 兵力虛弱 Bīnglì xūruò weak in military strength 虛弱的本質 xūruò de běnzhì inherent (or intrinsic) weakness 一切反動派在本質上都是虛弱的。 Yīqiè fǎndòngpài zài běnzhì shàng dōu shì xūruò de. All reactionaries are in essence feeble. 寒冷[寒冷] han2leng3 cold; frigid 氣候寒冷。 Qìhòu hánlěng. The climate is cold. 一、二月是北京最寒冷的月份。 Yī, Èryuè shì Běijīng zuì hánlěng de yuèfèn. January and February are the coldest months in Beijing. 哭[哭] ku1 (v.) cry; weep•听完这个故事后他哭了。•这个小孩子又哭又闹。•她哭了一晚上,哭得眼睛都肿了。 眩晕[眩暈] xuan4yun4 1 dizziness 一陣眩暈 yīzhèn xuànyùn a fit of dizziness 2 medicine vertigo 感觉[感覺] gan3jue2 (v.) feel•你今天感觉怎么样?好一点吗?•吃了药以后,我感觉好多了。 头痛[頭痛] tou2tong4 (v.) have/give sb. a headache 想吐[想吐] xiang3tu3 keck 流鼻涕[流鼻涕] liu2bi2ti4 to run at the nose 酸痛[酸痛] suan1tong4 ache 渾身酸痛 húnshēn suāntòng ache all over 鼻塞症[鼻塞癥] bi2sai1zheng1 snuffles 温度[溫度] wen1du4 (n.) temperature•最高温度•最低温度•平均温度 呕吐[嘔吐] ou3tu4 (v.) vomit; throw up呕: vomit; throw up吐: vomit; throw up•吃了那盘菜不久我就开始呕吐。•我已经呕吐好几次了。•他把刚吃的药都呕吐出来了。 伤口[傷口] shang1kou3 (n.) wound; cut•清洗伤口•包扎伤口•伤口还在流血。 脚踝[腳踝] jiao3huai2 ankle 血[血] xue4 1 blood 血從傷口流出來了。 Xuè cóng shāngkǒu liú chūlai le. Blood was flowing from the wound 2 related by blood ▶ 血親 xuèqīn 3 energetic and high-spirited ▶ 血性 xuèxìng 4 menses See 血xiě 血[血] xie3 informal blood 一滴血 yī dī xiě a drop of blood 一攤血 yī tān xiě a pool of blood 血的教訓 xiě de jiàoxùn a lesson paid for (or written) in blood 流了一點血, 不要緊。 Liú le yīdiǎn xiě, bù yào jǐn. There was just a little bleeding. Nothing serious. See 血xuè 头脑[頭腦] tou2nao3 1 brains; mind 她很有頭腦。 Tā hěn yǒu tóunǎo. She has plenty of brains. 不用頭腦 Bù yòng tóunǎo not use one's head 頭腦簡單 tóunǎo jiǎndān simple-minded; seeing things too simply 頭腦清醒 tóunǎo qīngxǐng clearheaded; sober-minded 有政治頭腦 yǒu zhèngzhì tóunǎo be politically-minded 有冷靜的頭腦 yǒu lěngjìng de tóunǎo have a cool head; be sober-minded 把頭腦裡的錯誤思想清除出去 bǎ tóunǎo lǐ de cuòwù sīxiǎng qīngchú chūqu rid one's mind of erroneous ideas 2 main threads; clue 摸不著頭腦 mōbuzháo tóunǎo cannot make head or tail of sth. 3 informal chieftain; leader; head 胸部[胸部] xiong1bu4 thorax; chest 胸部手術 Xiōngbù shǒushù thoracic operation 手臂[手臂] shou3bi4 1 arm 2 a reliable helper 他是隊長的得力手臂。 Tā shì duìzhǎng de délì shǒubì. He's the team leader's right-hand man. 身体[身體] shen1ti3 (n.) body, health•你身体好吗?•锻炼身体•你爸爸身体怎么样? 脸颊[臉頰] lian3jia2 cheeks; face 紅潤的臉頰 Hóngrùn de liǎnjiá ruddy cheeks 淚珠兒順著她的臉頰直往下淌。 Lèizhūr shùnzhe tā de liǎnjiá zhí wǎng xià tǎng. Tears streamed down her cheeks. 下巴[下巴] xia4ba5 1 the lower jaw 2 chin 耳朵[耳朵] er3duo5 ear 耳朵尖 ěrduo jiān have sharp ears 穿耳朵 chuān ěrduo have one's earlobes pierced (for wearing earrings) 眼睛[眼睛] yan3jing1 (n.) eyes•大眼睛•小眼睛•她有一双又大又亮的眼睛。 脚[腳] jiao3 1 foot 看他那兩隻腳。 Kàn tā nà liǎng zhī jiǎo. Look at his two feet. 2 base; foot ▶ 牆腳 qiángjiǎo , 山腳 shānjiǎo 3 dialect dregs; residue 茶腳 Chá jiǎo leftover tea and tea leaves See 腳jué 牙龈[牙齦] ya2yin2 physiology gum; gingiva 手[手] shou3 1 hand 雙手捧著 shuāngshǒu pěng zhe hold in both hands 手把手地教 shǒubǎshǒu de jiāo take a person in hand and teach him how to do a job 手織的毛衣 shǒu zhī de máoyī a hand-knitted woollen sweater 2 have in one's hand; hold ▶ 人手一冊 rén shǒu yī cè 3 handy; convenient ▶ 手冊 shǒucè 4 personally ▶ 手植 shǒuzhí 5 a person doing or good at a certain job 拖拉機手 tuōlājīshǒu tractor driver 機槍手 jīqiāngshǒu machinegunner 6 measure word (for skill or dexterity) 他寫一手好字。 Tā xiě yī shǒu hǎo zì. He writes a fine hand. 他真有兩手。 Tā zhēn yǒu liǎng shǒu. He really knows his stuff. 心[心] xin1 (n.) heart; mind•好心人•心上人•爱国之心•说心里话•记在心里•心里很急 关节[關節] guan1jie2 (n.) (bone) joint•关节疼•关节肿大•关节僵硬 推[推] tui1 (v.) push; push forward; postpone•推自行车•推门•推铅球 肺[肺] fei4 lung 脖子[脖子] bo2zi5 neck See also 抹脖子 mǒ bózi 肩膀[肩膀] jian1bang3 (n.) shoulder•宽肩膀•用肩膀扛•拍拍某人的肩膀 背[背] bei4 (n.) the back of the body•后背•背部•他的背上有一个纹身。 大姆指[大姆指] da4mu5zhi3 informal thumb 豎起大姆指叫好 Shùqǐ dà mu zhǐ jiàohǎo hold up one's thumb in approval 舌头[舌頭] she2tou5 1 tongue 2 an enemy soldier captured for the purpose of extracting information 偵察兵抓了個舌頭。 Zhēnchábīng zhuā le ge shétou. The scouts took a prisoner to get information. See also 吐舌頭 tǔ shétou 手腕子[手腕子] shou3wan4zi5 wrist 手肘[手肘] shou3zhou3 elbow 手指[手指] shou3zhi3 finger 额头[額頭] e2tou2 forehead 头发[頭髮] tou2fa5 (n.) hair•白头发•黑头发•长头发•卷头发 头[頭] tou2 1 head 2 hair or hair style 您理什麼頭? Nín lǐ shénme tóu? How shall I cut your hair? 這頭理得好。 Zhè tóu lǐ de hǎo. That's a good haircut. 3 top; end 村西頭 Cūn xītóu the west end of a village 這條胡同兒走到頭就是60號。 Zhè tiáo hútòngr zǒu dào tóu jiù shì 60 hào. No. 60 is at the end of the lane. 4 beginning or end 你這故事講到什麼時候才是個頭兒呀! Nǐ zhè gùshi jiǎng dào shénme shíhou cái shì ge tóu'ér ya! When ever will you finish your story? 5 remnant; end 蠟頭兒 làtóur candle end 鉛筆頭兒 qiānbǐtóur pencil stub (or stump) 6 chief; head; leader ▶ 頭兒 tóur 7 side; aspect 他們是一頭兒的。 Tāmen shì yī tóu'ér de. They are on the same side. 事情不能只顧一頭。 Shìqing bù néng zhǐgù yī tóu. We mustn't pay attention to only one aspect of the matter. 8 first ▶ 頭等 tóuděng , 頭號 tóuhào 9 leading ▶ 頭馬 tóumǎ 10 (used before a numeral) first 頭一遍 Tóu yī biàn the first time 頭半場比賽 tóu bàn chǎng bǐsài the first half of a game 頭三天 tóu sān tiān the first three days 頭兩排位子 tóu liǎng pái wèizi the two front rows of seats 他跑了個百米頭一名。 Tā pǎo le ge bǎi mǐ tóu yī míng. He came in first in the 100-metre dash. 11 dial. (used before 年 or 天) previous; last ▶ 頭年 tóunián , 頭天 tóutiān 12 before; prior to 頭五點就得動身 Tóu wǔ diǎn jiù děi dòngshēn have to start before (or by) five 頭吃飯要洗手。 Tóu chī fàn yào xǐshǒu. Wash your hands before meals. 頭雞叫我就起來了。 Tóu jī jiào wǒ jiù qǐlai le. I got up before cockcrow. 13 (used between two numerals, indicating an approximate number) about 三頭五百 Sān tóu wǔbǎi three or five hundred; several hundred 14 measure word a (for certain domestic animals) 三十頭牛 sānshí tóu niú thirty head of cattle 兩頭騾子 liǎng tóu luózi two mules b (for garlic) 一頭蒜 yī tóu suàn a bulb of garlic c (after the numeral一, for a marriage) 那一頭親事怎麼樣了? Nà yī tóu qīnshì zěnmeyàng le? What about the marriage? 他許過我一頭親事。 Tā xǔ guò wǒ yī tóu qīnshì. He's promised me a wife (husband). 脚跟[腳跟] jiao3gen1 heel 膝盖[膝蓋] xi1gai4 (n.) knee膝: knee盖: cap; cover; hood•膝盖疼•检查一下膝盖•把膝盖摔坏了 嘴唇[嘴唇] zui3chun2 lip 上(下)嘴唇 shàng(xià)zuǐchún the upper (lower) lip 咬著嘴唇 yǎo zhe zuǐchún bite one's lips 嘴[嘴] zui3 1 mouth 閉上嘴 bì shàng zuǐ keep one's mouth shut 嘴上說說而已 zuǐ shàng shuōshuo éryǐ pay lip service 你這張嘴啊! Nǐ zhè zhāng zuǐ a! What a tongue you've got! 2 anything shaped or functioning like a mouth 茶壺嘴兒 Cháhú zuǐr the spout of a teapot 瓶嘴兒 píngzuǐr the mouth of a bottle 鼻子[鼻子] bi2zi5 (n.) nose•高高的鼻子•鼻子不通气•他的鼻子很好看。 皮肤[皮膚] pi2fu1 (n.) skin•白皮肤•黑皮肤•黄皮肤 脚趾[腳趾] jiao3zhi3 toe 牙齿[牙齒] ya2chi3 tooth 瞎[瞎] xia1 1 blind 瞎了一隻眼 xiā le yī zhī yǎn be blind in one eye 我真瞎了眼, 把他當做好人了。 Wǒ zhēn xiā le yǎn, bǎ tā dāng zuò hǎo rén le. I was so blind as to take him for a gentleman. 2 adverb groundlessly; foolishly; to no purpose 瞎講 xiājiǎng speak groundlessly 瞎花錢 xiā huāqián spend money foolishly 瞎幹 xiāgàn go it blind 瞎猜 xiācāi make a wild guess 瞎費勁兒 xiā fèijìnr make a vain effort 3 dialect (of thread, etc.) become tangled 我的頭髮瞎得梳也梳不開了。 Wǒ de tóufa xiā de shū yě shū bù kāi le. My hair's so tangled that it can't be combed out. 4 (of a bullet, grenade, shell, or bomb) fail to explode; be a dud 炮炮不瞎。 Pào pào bù xiā. None of the shells failed to go off (or was a dud). or Every one of the shells went off beautifully. 听见[聽見] ting1jian4 hear 我聽見有人敲門。 Wǒ tīng jiàn yǒurén qiāo mén. I heard a knock at the door. 她說的什麼你聽見了嗎? Tā shuō de shénme nǐ tīng jiàn le ma? Did you catch what she said? 說話的聲音小得幾乎聽不見 shuōhuà de shēngyīn xiǎo de jīhū tīng bù jiàn speak in a scarcely audible voice 你小點兒聲, 我聽得見。 Nǐ xiǎo diǎnr shēng, wǒ tīng de jiàn. Lower your voice. I can hear you. 我聽了一會兒, 可什麼也沒聽見。 Wǒ tīng le yīhuìr, kě shénme yě méi tīngjiàn. I listened for a while, but heard nothing. 他耳背, 聽不見。 Tā ěrbèi, tīng bù jiàn. He's hard of hearing. He can't hear you. 噪音[噪音] zao4yin1 (n.) noise 视力[視力] shi4li4 vision; sight 視力測驗 shìlì cèyàn eyesight test 視力好(差) shìlì hǎo (chà) have good (poor) eyesight 闻[聞] wen2 1 hear ▶ 耳聞 ěrwén 2 news; story ▶ 要聞 yàowén 3 well-known; famous ▶ 聞人 wénrén 4 reputation ▶ 穢聞 huìwén 5 smell 你聞聞這是什麼味兒? Nǐ wén wén zhè shì shénme wèir? Smell this and see what it is. 我聞到煳味兒了。 Wǒ wéndào hú wèir le. I can smell something burning. 6 (Wén) a surname 味道[味道] wei4dao5 taste; flavour 這個菜味道很好。 Zhège cài wèidao hěn hǎo. This dish is delicious. 感冒的時候吃東西沒有味道。 Gǎnmào de shíhou chī dōngxi méi yǒu wèidao. When you have a cold, your food has very little flavour. 你們年輕人沒嘗過當童工是什麼味道。 Nǐmen niánqīngrén méi cháng guò dāng tónggōng shì shénme wèidao. You young people don't know what it was like to slave away as a child labourer. 心裡有一股說不出的味道 Xīnli yǒu yī gǔ shuō bù chū de wèidao have an indescribable feeling 他的話裡有點諷刺的味道。 Tā de huà lǐ yǒu diǎn fěngcì de wèidao. There's a touch of irony in his remarks. 摸[摸] mo1 1 feel; stroke; touch 你摸摸刀口,看看快不快。 Nǐ mōmō dāokǒu, kànkan kuài bùkuài. You feel the edge of the knife and see whether it is sharp. 這衣料摸著很軟。 Zhè yīliào mō zhe hěn ruǎn. The material feels soft. 她輕輕地摸了摸孩子的頭。 Tā qīngqīng de mō le mō háizi de tóu. She gently stroked the child's head. 2 feel for; grope for; fumble 在黑暗中摸著下樓 Zài hēi'àn zhōng mō zhe xià lóu grope one's way down the stairs in the dark 摸敵人崗哨 mō dírén gǎngshào steal up to an enemy sentinel in the dark and get rid of him 他在口袋裡摸了半天,摸出一張紙條來。 Tā zài kǒudài lǐ mō le bàntiān, mō chū yī zhāng zhǐtiáo lái. He felt in his pocket for a while and finally produced a slip of paper. 他從床底下摸出一雙鞋來。 Tā cóng chuáng dǐxia mō chū yī shuāng xié lái. He fished out a pair of shoes from under the bed. 3 try to find out; feel out; sound out 你去摸摸他對這個問題的看法。 Nǐ qù mōmō tā duì zhège wèntí de kànfǎ. Go and sound him out on this matter. 摸清敵情 Mōqīng díqíng find out about the enemy's situation 摸出一套種植水稻的好經驗 mō chū yī tào zhòngzhí shuǐdào de hǎo jīngyàn gain good experience in growing rice 聋[聾] long2 deaf; hard of hearing 他耳朵聾。 Tā ěrduo lóng. He is deaf. 听力[聽力] ting1li4 1 hearing (ability) 經過針刺恢復了聽力 jīngguò zhēn cì huīfù le tīnglì regain one's hearing after receiving acupuncture treatment 2 aural comprehension (in language teaching) 看见[看見] kan4jian5 catch sight of; see 你看見老張了嗎? Nǐ kànjian lǎo zhāng le ma? Did you see Lao Zhang? 我看了好半天, 可是什麼也沒看見。 Wǒ kàn le hǎo bàntiān, kě shì shénme yě méi kànjian. I looked for a while but didn't see anything. 他們航行了二十天才看見陸地。 Tāmen hángxíng le èrshí tiān cái kànjian lùdì. They sighted land after being at sea for twenty days. 黑板上的字你看得見嗎? Hēibǎn shàng de zì nǐ kàn de jiàn ma? Can you see the words on the blackboard? 气味[氣味] qi4wei4 (n.) smell•浓烈的气味•生理气味•气味不好闻。 声音[聲音] sheng1yin1 sound; voice 震耳欲聾的聲音 Zhèn'ěryùlóng de shēngyīn an ear-splitting sound 她的聲音很高。 Tā de shēngyīn hěn gāo. She has a high-pitched voice. 尝[嘗] chang2 (v.) taste; try the flavor of•快来尝尝我做的红烧鱼怎么样。•学中文一年多,现在才尝到了学中文的甜头。 意外事故[意外事故] yi4wai4shi4gu4 accident 救护车[救護車] jiu4hu4che1 (n.) ambulance救护: (v./n.) rescue•一辆救护车•救护车来了。•快叫救护车。 蛀牙[蛀牙] zhu4ya2 1 tooth decay 2 dental cavities M: 顆kē [顆] / 個gè [個] 清洁[清潔] qing1jie2 clean 整齊清潔 zhěngqí qīngjié clean and tidy 人人要注意清潔衛生。 Rénrén yào zhùyì qīngjié wèishēng. Everybody should pay attention to sanitation and hygiene. 清潔隊 qīngjiéduì cleaning squad 清潔工人 qīngjié gōng rén sanitation worker; street cleaner 牙医[牙醫] ya2yi1 short for 牙科醫生 yákē yīshēng 药店[藥店] yao4dian4 drugstore; chemist's shop; pharmacy 女性[女性] nü3xing4 (n.) females, woman 医院[醫院] yi1yuan4 (n.) hospital•这是一家有名的大医院。•医院离这儿不远。•去医院看病不方便。 护士[護士] hu4shi5 (n.) nurse•护士小姐•她是一个护士。•我很喜欢护士的工作。 药方[藥方] yao4fang1 (n.) prescription•医生给我开了一个药方。•在药房取药需要医生的药方。•我忘了带药方。 药房[藥房] yao4fang2 (n.) pharmacy; drugstore•去药房取药•他在医院的药房工作。•药房在一楼大厅。 拉[拉] la1 (v.) hold; pull; drag•手拉手•拉车•拉窗帘 检验[檢驗] jian3yan4 (n.) test, examination, inspection(检查验看,检查验证)•检验产品质量•医学检验•动植物检验检疫 X光[X光] X5 guang1 X-ray 透视[透視] tou4shi4 (n.) fluoroscopy•透视室•透视检查•医生让我去透视。 成人[成人] cheng2ren2 1 be grown up; become full-grown 長大成人 zhǎngdà chéngrén be grown to manhood 2 adult; grown-up 预约[預約] yu4yue1 (v.) reserve; make an appointment•看病前要先跟医生的诊所预约一个时间。•预约看病有时不那么方便。•去看急诊不须预约。 检查[檢查] jian3cha2 (v.) checkup; examine•去医院检查一下•医生给我检查了一下。•检查后,医生说我没什么大问题。 碰撞[碰撞] peng4zhuang4 1 collide; run into 一輛卡車從後面碰撞了我們的汽車。 Yī liàng kǎchē cóng hòumian pèngzhuàng le wǒmen de qìchē. A lorry ran into our car from behind. 2 offend; affront 3 physics collision; impact 核碰撞 Hé pèngzhuàng nuclear collision 碰撞負載 pèngzhuàng fùzài impact load 医生[醫生] yi1sheng1 (n.) doctor•急诊室的医生•我爸爸是个医生。•医生的工作很紧张。 紧急情况[緊急情況] jin3ji2 qing2kuang4 emergency situation 身高[身高] shen1gao1 height (of a person) 他身高一米八。 Tā shēngāo yī mǐ bā. He is 180 centimetres in height. 针[針] zhen1 1 needle 縫紉針 Féngrènzhēn sewing needle 2 stitch 在襪子上縫兩針 zài wàzi shàng féng liǎng zhēn sew (or put) a couple of stitches in a sock 織漏一針 zhī lòu yī zhēn drop a stitch 傷口縫了四針。 Shāngkǒu féng le sì zhēn. The wound was closed with four stitches. 3 anything like a needle ▶ 松針 sōngzhēn , 時針 shízhēn 4 injection; shot ▶ 打針 dǎzhēn 5 acupuncture ▶ 針灸 zhēnjiǔ 年龄[年齡] nian2ling2 (n.) age•你年龄不算小了,该成家了。•你知道地球的年龄吗?•参军有年龄要求吗? 处方[處方] chu3fang1 1 write out a prescription; prescribe 2 prescription; recipe 手术[手術] shou3shu4 (n.) surgical operation; operation•做手术•听说这位医生手术做得很好。•医生说我的眼睛得做手术。 体重[體重] ti3zhong4 (n.) (body) weight•量体重•控制体重•生病以来,他的体重掉了很多。 // Gospel/Other Useful Vocab for Missionaries/Clothing 戒指[戒指] jie4zhi5 (n.) ring•金戒指•结婚戒指•戒指的戴法 太阳镜[太陽鏡] tai4yang2jing4 sunglasses 雨伞[雨傘] yu3san3 (n.) umbrella伞: umbrella•最好带上雨伞•打着雨伞•手里拿着雨伞 手表[手表] shou3biao3 wrist watch 围巾[圍巾] wei2jin1 muffler; scarf 领带[領帶] ling3dai4 (n.) tie•一条领带•领带打得不好。•不用打领带。 钱包[錢包] qian2bao1 wallet; purse 大[大] da4 (adj.) big; old•多大•大哥•大姐 大号[大號] da4hao4 1 large size 大號的鞋 dà hào de xié large-size shoes 2 music tuba; bass horn 3 honorific your (given) name 长[長] chang2 1 (of space or time) long 這條河很長。 Zhè tiáo hé hěn cháng. This is a long river. 夏季晝長夜短。 Xiàjì zhòu chángyè duǎn. In summer the days are long and the nights short. 長長的柳條垂到湖面。 Cháng cháng de liǔtiáo chuí dào húmiàn. The long willow twigs hang low, brushing against the surface of the lake. 2 length 南京長江大橋全長六千七百七十二米。 Nánjīng Cháng Jiāng dà qiáo quáncháng liùqiān qībǎi qīshí'èr mǐ. The overall length of the Changjiang River Bridge at Nanjing is 6,772 metres. 3 strong point; forte 取人之長, 補己之短 Qǔ rén zhī cháng, bǔ jǐ zhī duǎn overcome one's shortcomings by learning from others' strong points 4 be good at; be proficient in 她長於刺繡。 Tā cháng yú cìxiù. She is good at embroidery. or Embroidery is her forte. See 長zhǎng 中号[中號] zhong1hao4 medium size 尺寸[尺寸] chi3cun5 1 measurement; dimensions; size 衣服的尺寸 yīfu de chǐcun measurements of a garment 量尺寸 liàng chǐcun take sb.'s measurements 這塊木板尺寸正好。 Zhè kuài mùbǎn chǐcun zhènghǎo. This board is just the right size. 輪廓尺寸 Lúnkuò chǐcun overall size 名義尺寸 míngyì chǐcun nominal size 加工尺寸 jiāgōng chǐcun finish size 尺寸比例尺 chǐcun bǐlìchǐ dimension scale 2 informal proper limits for speech or action; sense of propriety 他辦事很有尺寸。 Tā bàn shì hěn yǒu chǐcun. He knows what to do and what not to do. 紧[緊] jin3 1 tight; taut; close 把繩子拉緊 Bǎ shéngzi lā jǐn pull the rope taut 把螺絲擰緊 bǎ luósī níng jǐn tighten the screw 緊握手中槍 jǐnwò shǒuzhōng qiāng hold the gun tight in one's hands 這雙鞋太緊。 Zhè shuāng xié tài jǐn. These shoes are too tight. or These shoes pinch. 他住在我的緊隔壁。 Tā zhù zài wǒ de jǐn gébì. He lives right next door to me. 日程安排得很緊。 Rìchéng ānpái de hěn jǐn. The programme is packed. 一個勝利緊接著一個勝利。 Yī ge shènglì jǐnjiēzhe yī ge shènglì. One victory followed another in quick succession. 全國人民團結緊。 Quánguó rénmín tuánjié jǐn. The whole nation is closely united. 2 tighten 緊一緊背包帶 Jǐn yī jǐn bēibāo dài tighten the knapsack straps 3 urgent; pressing; tense 任務緊。 Rènwu jǐn. The task is urgent. 風聲緊。 Fēngshēng jǐn. Things are tense. 雨下得正緊。 Yǔ xià de zhèng jǐn. It was raining hard. 槍聲越來越緊。 Qiāngshēng yuèláiyuè jǐn. The firing got heavier and heavier. 這篇報告廠裡催得很緊。 Zhè piān bàogào chǎng lǐ cuī de hěn jǐn. The factory leadership are pressing us to hand in this report. 4 strict; stringent 管得緊 Guǎn de jǐn exercise strict control; be strict with 5 hard up; short of money 手頭緊 shǒutóu jǐn be short of money; be hard up 銀根緊。 Yíngēn jǐn. Money is tight. 特大号[特大號] te4da4hao4 1 jumbo 2 king-sized 宽松[寬鬆] kuan1song5 informal 1 (of clothes) loose and comfortable 2 not crowded 這個車廂比較寬鬆。 Zhège chēxiāng bǐjiào kuānsong. This carriage is not so crowded. 3 feel relieved; be free from worry 4 comfortably off; ample; easy 手頭寬鬆 Shǒutóu kuānsong be in easy circumstances; be quite well-off at the moment 在經濟環境還不寬鬆的條件下進行改革 zài jīngjì huánjìng hái bù kuānsong de tiáojiàn xià jìnxíng gǎigé undertake the reform in a still stringent economic environment 小号[小號] xiao3hao4 1 small size (of clothes, etc.) 小號鞋 xiǎohào xié small-size shoes 這種風衣型號齊全, 從小號到特大號都有。 Zhèzhǒng fēngyī xínghào qíquán, cóngxiǎo hào dào tèdàhào dōu yǒu. Wind jackets of this style come in all sizes, from small to extra large. 我要小一號的。 Wǒ yào xiǎo yī hào de. I want one size smaller. 2 humble my (or our) store trumpet 小[小] xiao3 1 small; little; petty; minor 小屋 xiǎowū a small room or house 小河 xiǎohé a small river 小姑娘 xiǎogūniang a little girl 小國 xiǎoguó a small country 小事 xiǎoshì a small matter 小問題 xiǎo wèntí a minor question 小手術 xiǎoshǒushù a minor operation 那個數量很小。 Nàge shùliàng hěn xiǎo. That's a very small amount. 你的聲音太小。 Nǐ de shēngyīn tài xiǎo. Your voice is too soft. 風小些了。 Fēng xiǎo xiē le. The wind has dropped a little. 鞋小了點。 Xié xiǎo le diǎn. These shoes are a bit too tight. 2 young 他還小呢。 Tā hái xiǎo ne. He's still young. 你也不小了。 Nǐ yě bù xiǎo le. You're not young any more. 她比我小。 Tā bǐ wǒ xiǎo. She's younger than I am. 3 of short duration 小坐片刻 xiǎozuòpiànkè sit for a while 4 the last in order of seniority 小兒子 xiǎo'érzi the youngest son 他是我小弟弟。 Tā shì wǒ xiǎo dìdi. He is my youngest brother. 5 (used before names of animals to indicate the young) 小雞 xiǎojī chick 小鴨 xiǎoyā duckling 小狗 xiǎo gǒu pup; puppy 小貓 xiǎomāo kitten; kitty 小牛 xiǎoniú calf; heifer 小羊 xiǎoyáng lamb; kid 小馬 xiǎomǎ pony; foal; colt 小豬 xiǎozhū piggy; piglet; shoat 小鹿 xiǎolù deerlet; fawn 小老虎 xiǎolǎohǔ tiger cub 6 little ones; children 一家大小 yī jiā dà xiǎo the whole family, old and young 上有老, 下有小 shàng yǒu lǎo, xià yǒu xiǎo have the old above and the young below--have parents and children to care for 7 concubine 討個小 tǎo ge xiǎo take a concubine 8 humble my; our 小女 xiǎonǚ my daughter 小店 xiǎodiàn my store 9 (used before family name, givenname, etc.) 小張 xiǎo zhāng Xiao Zhang 小強 xiǎo qiáng Xiao Qiang 小三兒 xiǎo sānr Xiao Sanr (childhood name for one's third child) 靴子[靴子] xue1zi5 boots 换[換] huan4 (v.) exchange; change•换钱•在哪可以换钱?•在很多旅馆都可以换钱。 衣服[衣服] yi1fu5 (n.) clothing, clothes•试衣服•衣服要洗了。•买了三件衣服 外套[外套] wai4tao4 1 overcoat 2 loose coat; outer garment 棉布[棉布] mian2bu4 cotton cloth; cotton 合身[合身] he2shen1 fit 這件上衣很合身。 Zhè jiàn shàngyī hěn héshēn. This jacket fits well. 穿衣服[穿衣服] chuan1 yi1fu5 to put on clothes 牛仔裤[牛仔褲] niu2zai3ku4 jeans (pants) 皮革[皮革] pi2ge2 leather; hide 睡衣[睡衣] shui4yi1 nightclothes; pyjamas 口袋[口袋] kou3dai4 pocket 凉鞋[涼鞋] liang2xie2 sandals 鞋[鞋] xie2 (n.) shoes•运动鞋•布鞋•草鞋 丝绸[絲綢] si1chou2 (n.) silk, silk cloth•丝绸之路•丝绸用品•丝绸工艺品 宽松绔子[寬鬆絝子] kuan1song1ku4zi3 galligaskins 衬裙[襯裙] chen4qun2 underskirt; slip; petticoat 袜子[襪子] wa4zi5 socks; stockings; hose 套装[套裝] tao4zhuang1 suit (of clothes) 运动服[運動服] yun4dong4fu2 sportswear 运动鞋[運動鞋] yun4dong4xie2 (n.) sneakers•休闲运动鞋•运动鞋很贵。•一双运动鞋 运动服装[運動服裝] yun4dong4 fu2zhuang1 sportswear 脱掉[脫掉] tuo1diao4 1 to remove 2 to take off 3 to strip off 4 to discard 5 to shed 6 to come off 7 to fall off 试穿[試穿] shi4chuan1 1 to try wearing clothes 2 fitting trial 戴[戴] dai4 (v.) put on; wear•戴眼镜•戴手套•戴项链•戴手表•头上戴了一朵花。 胸罩[胸罩] xiong1zhao4 brassiere; bra 领子[領子] ling3zi5 collar 女装[女裝] nü3zhuang1 women's clothing; women's costume--see also 男扮女裝 nán bàn nǚzhuāng 加门特[加門特] jia1men2te4 Garment 高跟鞋[高跟鞋] gao1gen1xie2 high-heeled shoes 鞋带[鞋帶] xie2dai4 shoelace; shoestring 丝袜[絲襪] si1wa4 silk stockings or socks 裤子[褲子] ku4zi5 (n.) pants•咖啡色裤子•一条裤子•裤子太长了。 穿上[穿上] chuan1shang5 to put on (clothes etc) 短裤[短褲] duan3ku4 shorts 裙子[裙子] qun2zi5 (n.) skirt•红裙子•漂亮的裙子 袖子[袖子] xiu4zi5 sleeve 卷起袖子 juǎn qǐ xiùzi roll (or turn) up one's sleeves 一把抓住他的袖子 yī bǎ zhuā zhù tā de xiùzi seize him by the sleeve 拖鞋[拖鞋] tuo1xie2 slippers 西装[西裝] xi1zhuang1 (n.) western-style suit•西装降价•一套西装•男西装 毛衣[毛衣] mao2yi1 (n.) wool sweater•买件毛衣•这件毛衣不好看。•穿毛衣太热。 穿[穿] chuan1 (v.) wear; put on•您穿多大号的?•多穿点衣服!•穿上衣服! 羊毛[羊毛] yang2mao2 sheep's wool; wool; fleece 背包[背包] bei1bao1 (n.) knapsack; infantry pack•我的背包太重了。•她把背包背在肩上。•你的背包里放了些什么东西?怎么这么重? 皮带[皮帶] pi2dai4 1 leather belt 2 mechanics (driving) belt 交叉皮帶 jiāochā pídài cross belt 三角皮帶 sān jiǎo pídài triangle belt 皮帶車床 pídài chēchuáng belt-driven lathe 皮帶傳動 pídài chuándòng belt transmission 皮帶運輸機 pídài yùnshūjī belt conveyer 公事包[公事包] gong1shi4bao1 briefcase; portfolio 眼镜[眼鏡] yan3jing4 (n.) glasses•眼镜店•眼镜盒•眼镜架•眼镜片•近视眼镜•老花眼镜•配眼镜 帽子[帽子] mao4zi5 1 headgear; hat; cap 戴上(摘下)帽子 dàishang(zhāixià)màozi put on (take off) a hat or cap 2 label; tag; brand 摘掉文盲的帽子 zhāi diào wénmáng de màozi rid oneself of the label of “illiterate” 大慶油田的勝利建成使我國甩掉了“貧油”的帽子。 Dàqìng yóutián de shènglì jiànchéng shǐ wǒguó shuǎidiào le “pínyóu” de màozi. The successful opening of the Daqing oilfield took the “oil-poor” label off China. See also 戴帽子 dài màozi 扣帽子 kòu màozi 包[包] bao1 (v.) wrap•包些饺子•包上就可以了。•这个东西怎么包啊? 手镯[手鐲] shou3zhuo2 bracelet 耳环[耳環] er3huan2 earrings 手套[手套] shou3tao4 1 gloves; mittens 2 baseball gloves; mitts 项链[項鏈] xiang4lian4 necklace